Примеры использования Price instability на Английском языке и их переводы на Русский язык
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Price instability is an apparent drawback of spot pricing.
The cereals market has also exhibited price instability in recent years.
Price instability, of course, translates into income instability. .
Dealing with income effects of commodity price instability and declining terms of trade.
Called for a mechanism for the stabilization of the cotton market to address price instability;
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Table 3 sets out price instability indices for a number of commodities.
The impacts of the global economic crisis have been compounded by food and fuel price instability.
Price instability causes problems for commodity-dependent countries at both the macro and micro levels.
The long-term effects of commodity price instability are greater for commodity-dependent countries.
As a result of liberalization, farmers and consumers are often fully exposed to world market price instability.
In all countries, commodity price instability will complicate and make the planning and policymaking processes more unpredictable.
As a result of liberalization,developing-country producers and consumers are fully exposed to world market price instability.
The relation between price instability and food security should be seen from the perspective of consumers, producers and Governments.
Thus, it is possible that commodity markets will experience more price instability pending a robust and self-sustaining economic recovery.
Price instability has also resulted from low interest rates and loose monetary policy adopted by major central banks over the past five years.
This also makes urban transport increasingly vulnerable to oil price instability and supply shocks Energy Information Administration, 2007.
Even if price instability does not increase, the chances ofprice spikes occurring will probably be greater than in the past because global stocks will be reduced.
It also made the case for strengthening coherence in development policies by reviving international efforts to address the commodity price instability.
The effort was stymied by the price instability of raw material on the world market, which made suppliers reluctant to offer long validities.
But food security based on trade also incorporates risks, related to deteriorating terms of exchange on world markets,the uncertainty of supplies, price instability and dependence.
High short-term price instability was also found in the markets for rice, most vegetable oils, jute and certain non-ferrous metals, of which copper is the most important.
The Report underlined that a fresh look at possible mechanisms to reduce price instability of primary commodities could help strengthen a global partnership for development.
Commodity price instability interacts with instability in world financial markets and thus tends to accentuate the instability of the global economic system.
The proponents of the prevailing role of market fundamentals view price instability as a mismatch between short- or medium-term inelastic commodity supply and demand forces.
It is generally claimed that market-based instruments can play a fundamental role in building tailor-made facilities to address commodity price instability, both at the macro and micro levels.
The long-term effects of commodity price instability are greater for commodity-dependent countries particularly for those for which over half of their exports rely on one, two or three commodities.
See also UNCTAD,"Risk distribution after liberalization of commodity marketing and problems of access to risk management markets for developing country entities”, TD/B/CN.1/GE.1/2,August 1994; C.R. Duncan, and L. Rutten,“Managing commodity price instability in newly liberalized economies”, Economic and Social Research Council, London, Global Economic Institutions, April 1996.
According to UNCTAD's commodity price instability index, the average monthly price deviation for commodities as a whole was 2.8 per cent during 1999/02, compared with 1.8 per cent in 1989/98.
Moreover, the need for international borrowing to allow the survival of the fund could be eliminated. S. Claessens and P. Varangis,“Oil price instability, hedging, and an oil stabilization fund- the case of Venezuela”, Washington D.C.: World Bank Policy Research Working Paper, April 1994.
The long-term declining terms of trade, price instability, and institutional factors emanating from economic policies, such as agricultural subsidies and trade barriers, have been exacerbated by the effects of financial crises.