Приклади вживання Bosons Англійська мовою та їх переклад на Українською
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The W and Z bosons.
The bosons do not obey Pauli's exclusion principle.
They are what we call bosons.
Symmetry between bosons and fermions in certain physical systems.
Supercharge, denoted by the symbol Q, is an operator which transforms bosons into fermions, and vice versa.
The W and Z bosons were discovered experimentally in 1981, and their masses were found to be as the Standard Model predicted.
According to the Standard Model, the W and Z bosons gain mass via the Higgs mechanism.
What is the mechanism responsible for breaking the electroweak gauge symmetry,giving mass to the W and Z bosons?
Physicists suggested that the Higgs bosons filled the whole space around us.
The strong force is carried by particles called gluons,the weak force by particles called the"w" and"z" bosons.
Virtual black hole Weak hypercharge B-L X and Y bosons Age of the universe Radioactive decays by Protons.
Helium-4 atoms are bosons, and their superfluidity can be understood in terms of the Bose- Einstein statistics that they obey.
In principle the chargedrho mesons mix with the weak vector bosons and can lead to decay to an electron or muon plus a neutrino;
Helium-4 atoms are bosons, and their superfluidity can be understood in terms of the Bose statistics that they obey.
The Weinberg- Salam theory predicts that, at lower energies,this symmetry is broken so that the photon and the massive W and Z bosons emerge.
In Dirac's time, it was not yet known that all bosons, including photons, must obey Bose- Einstein statistics.
Ultralight bosons can form large condensates around rapidly rotating black holes through a process called superradiance.
For technical reasons involving gauge invariance, gauge bosons are described mathematically by field equations for massless particles.
They suggested that in addition to the photon, there were three other spin-1 particles,known collectively as massive vector bosons, that carried the weak force.
The fact that the W and Z bosons have mass while photons are massless was a major obstacle in developing electroweak theory.
Since the number of particles in the state may be arbitrary,this case corresponds to Bose particles or bosons, which obey Bose-Einstein statistics.
The particles and antiparticles and bosons of the Normal Mannequin look like basic, from each an experimental and theoretical perspective.
In the framework of quantum mechanics,the difference in the behavior of fermions and bosons is expressed by the kind of symmetry of the wave functions describing these particles.
The existence of W, Z, and Higgs bosons has been demonstrated, and other predictions of electroweak theory have been experimentally verified.
In quantum field theory,unbroken gauge invariance requires that gauge bosons have zero mass(experiment limits the gluon's mass to less than a few MeV).
As particles move through this field, bosons effectively stick to some of them, making them more massive, while leaving others to pass unhindered.
The weak force and electromagnetic force, and their respective bosons(the W and Z bosons and photon) manifest differently in the present universe, with different ranges;
In the minimal, one-doublet model, three Goldstone bosons(technipions, πT) have decay constant F= FEW= 246 GeV and are eaten by the electroweak gauge bosons.