Paul Krugman andElhanan Helpman introduced the previously neglected elements of imperfect competition and increasing returns to scale.
但是,需要有充分的非关税壁垒覆盖,才能保证信息可靠,包括政府国内措施和不完全竞争行为等境内措施。
However, they require good coverage of existing NTBs to be fully reliable,including beyond-the-border measures like internal governmental measures and imperfectly competitive behaviour.
赫尔普曼是新贸易理论和内生增长理论的创始人之一,这两个理论都强调规模经济和不完全竞争的经济体系。
He is one of the founders of the new trade theory and endogenous growth theory,which both emphasize economies of scale and imperfect competition.
市场结构和对外贸易――报酬递增、不完全竞争和国际经济.
Market structure and foreign trade: Increasing returns, imperfect competition and the international economy.
正如经常提到的,这会导致劳动力市场中不完全竞争情况的出现。
As has been frequently noted, this creates a situation of imperfect competition in the labour market.
不完全竞争与非市场出清的宏观经济学:一个动态一般均衡的视角.
The macroeconomics of imperfect competition and nonclearing markets: a dynamic general equilibrium approach.
市场类型可分为两大类:完全竞争市场和不完全竞争市场。
Markets can be broken down into two broad categories:markets with perfect competition and markets with imperfect competition.
因此,在产品市场上,财政乘数小于1,但会随着不完全竞争程度的增加而增加。
Hence the fiscal multiplier is less than one,but increasing in the degree of imperfect competition in the output market.
思想理论演变�罗宾逊夫人的第一本著作是《不完全竞争经济学》。
Robinson's first major book was The Economics of Imperfect Competition.
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