Mitä Tarkoittaa SUPSTRATIMA Englanniksi - Englanniksi Käännös

• substrates

Esimerkkejä Supstratima käytöstä Kroaatti ja niiden käännökset Englanti

Stoga, istodobna primjena olapariba mogla bi smanjiti izloženost supstratima tih metaboličkih enzima i prijenosnog proteina.
Therefore, olaparib upon co-administration may reduce the exposure to substrates of these metabolic enzymes and transport protein.

Materijali koji se obično koriste u našim supstratima proizvoda su zdrave i ekološke epoksidne i fenolne smole, koje imaju dobra svojstva usporavanja plamena, temperaturne karakteristike, mehanička i dielektrična svojstva i nisku cijenu.
The materials commonly used in our product substrates are healthy and environmentally friendly epoxy resins and phenolic resins, which have good flame retardant properties, temperature characteristics, mechanical and dielectric properties and low cost.

Inhibicijski potencijal mirabegrona na P-gp treba uzeti u obzir kada se Betmiga kombinira s osjetljivim supstratima P-gp, npr. dabigatranom.
The potential for inhibition of P-gp by mirabegron should be considered when Betmiga is combined with sensitive P-gp substrates e.g. dabigatran.

Ne može se isključiti da vismodegib može povećati izloženost supstratima OATP1B1, kao što su bosentan, ezetimib, glibenklamid, repaglinid, valsartan i statini.
It cannot be excluded that vismodegib may increase the exposure to substrates of OATP1B1, e.g. bosentan, ezetimibe, glibenclamide, repaglinide, valsartan and statins.

U ispitivanjima na humanim jetrenim mikrosomima eltrombopag(do 100 M) nije pokazao in vitro inhibiciju CYP450 enzima 1A2, 2A6, 2C19, 2D6, 2E1, 3A4/5 i 4A9/11, ali je bio inhibitor CYP2C8 i CYP2C9, mjereno paklitakselom i diklofenakom kao supstratima.
In studies utilising human liver microsomes, eltrombopag(up to 100M) showed no in vitro inhibition of the CYP450 enzymes 1A2, 2A6, 2C19, 2D6, 2E1, 3A4/5, and 4A9/11 and was an inhibitor of CYP2C8 and CYP2C9 as measured using paclitaxel and diclofenac as the probe substrates.

Klinički značaj nije poznat, ali izloženost supstratima CYP2B6(poput efavirenza i bupropiona), te koreguliranih enzima može biti smanjena nakon istodobne primjene s ibrutinibom.
The clinical relevance is not known, but the exposure to substrates of CYP2B6(such as efavirenz and bupropion) and of co-regulated enzymes may be reduced upon co-administration with ibrutinib.

Budući da je kobimetinib potencijalni induktor CYP1A2 in vitro, može smanjiti izloženost supstratima ovoga enzima, npr. teofilinu.
In vitro, cobimetinib is a potential inducer of CYP1A2 and may therefore reduce the exposure of substrates of this enzyme e.g., theophylline.

Istovremena primjena lijeka OLYSIO s lijekovima supstratima za prijenos putem OATP1B1/3, P-gp-a i BCRP-a može rezultirati povišenjem koncentracija takvih lijekova u plazmi vidjeti tablicu 4.
Co-administration of OLYSIO with medicinal products that are substrates for OATP1B1/3, P-gp and BCRP transport may result in increased plasma concentrations of such medicinal products see table 4.

Stoga bivalirudin početno djeluje kao potpun, nekompetitivni inhibitor trombina, ali vremenom postaje kompetitivni inhibitor omogućavajući početno inhibiranim molekulama trombina i drugim supstratima zgrušavanja da međusobno djeluju i omoguće koagulaciju, ako je to potrebno.
Thus, bivalirudin initially acts as a complete non-competitive inhibitor of thrombin, but transitions over time to become a competitive inhibitor enabling initially inhibited thrombin molecules to interact with other clotting substrates and to coagulation if required.

Ospemifene nije uzrokovao klinički značajne promjene u izloženosti supstratima, pokazujući time da ospemifen ne utječe na aktivnost tih enzima in vivo u klinički značajnoj mjeri.
Ospemifene did not cause a clinically meaningful change in the exposure to the substrates, indicating that ospemifene does not affect those enzyme activities in vivo to a clinically significant extent.

Karfilzomib ne inhibira humani UGT2B7, ali inhibira humani UGT1A1 uz IC50 vrijednosti od 5, 5 µM. Ipak, uzimajući u obzir brzu eliminaciju karfilzomiba, posebno brz pad sistemske koncentracije 5 minuta nakon završetka infuzije, rizik od klinički relevantnih interakcija sa supstratima OATP1B1 i UGT1A1 vjerojatno je nizak.
Carfilzomib does not inhibit human UGT2B7 but inhibits human UGT1A1 with an IC50 of 5.5 µM. Nonetheless, considering the fast elimination of carfilzomib, notably a rapid decline in systemic concentration 5 minutes after the end of infusion, the risk of clinically relevant interactions with substrates of OATP1B1 and UGT1A1 is probably low.

Farmakokinetički podaci pokazuju da se regorafenib može primijeniti istodobno sa supstratima CYP2C8, CYP2C9, CYP3A4 i CYP2C19 bez klinički značajnih interakcija između lijekova vidjeti također dio 4.4.
Pharmacokinetic data indicate that regorafenib may be given concomitantly with substrates of CYP2C8, CYP2C9, CYP3A4, and CYP2C19 without a clinically meaningful drug interaction see also section 4.4.

Istovremenu primjenu idelalisiba s CYP3A supstratima koja može uzrokovati ozbiljne i/ ili po život opasne nuspojave( npr. alfuzosin, amiodaron, cisaprid, pimozid, kinidin, ergotamin, dihidroergotamin, kvetiapin, lovastatin, simvastatin, sildenafil, midazolam, triazolam) treba izbjegavati i, ako je moguće, primijeniti druge lijekove, manje osjetljive na inhibiciju CYP3A4.
Concomitant treatment of idelalisib with CYP3A substrates with serious and/or life-threatening adverse reactions(e.g., alfuzosin, amiodarone, cisapride, pimozide, quinidine, ergotamine, dihydroergotamine, quetiapine, lovastatin, simvastatin, sildenafil, midazolam, triazolam) should be avoided and alternative medicinal products that are less sensitive to CYP3A4 inhibition should be used if possible.

In vitro ispitivanja su pokazala da se ne očekuju interakcije aklidinija ili njegovih metabolita u terapijskoj dozi s lijekovima supstratima P-glikoproteina(P-gp) ili lijekovima koje metaboliziraju enzimi citokroma P450(CYP450) i esteraze.
In vitro studies have shown that aclidinium or its metabolites at the therapeutic dose are not expected to cause interactions with P-glycoprotein(P-gp) substrate drugs or drugs metabolised by cytochrome P450(CYP450) enzymes and esterases.

Stoga ekspozicija metoprololu ili drugim supstratima CYP2D6(npr. propafenonu i flekainidu ili, u manjoj mjeri, tricikličkim antidepresivima i antipsihoticima) može biti povećana kod istovremene primjene Ranexe pa mogu biti potrebne manje doze tih lijekova.
Therefore the exposure to metoprolol or other CYP2D6 substrates(e.g. propafenone and flecainide or, to a lesser extent, tricyclic antidepressants and antipsychotics) may be increased during co-administration with Ranexa, and lower doses of these medicinal products may be required.

Sažetak: Istražen je odnos između biomase plijesni i biosinteze aflatoksina B1 i G1( AFB1 i AFG1) na čvrstim supstratima( cijelo i lomljeno zrno pšenice) pri temperaturi od15- 35řC i sadržaju vode u supstratu od20- 40.
Summary: The relationship between mold biomass and the biosynthesis of aflatoxins B1 and G1( AFB1 and AFG1) on solid substrates( whole and crushed wheat grain) at temperatures from 15-35ř C and a water content in the substrate of 20-40% has been investigated.

Pokrivajući različite sintetske, analitičke i spektroskopske tehnike na supstratima koji uključuju policikličke molekule, heterocikle i peptide, znanstvene aktivnosti u laboratoriju idealne su za izobrazbu mladih znanstvenika, doktoranada i poslijedoktoranada te laboratorij nudi mogućnost izrade završnih magistarskih i doktorskih disertacija.
Covering various synthetic, analytical and spectroscopic techniques on substrates including polycyclic molecules, heterocycles, and peptides, the research activities in the laboratory are ideal for training young researchers in graduate and post-graduate education BSc, MSc, and PhD thesis.

Analiza populacijske farmakokinetike u bolesnika s plućnom arterijskom hipertenzijom upućuje na to da istodobna primjena beta-blokatora u kombinaciji sa supstratima CYP3A4 može rezultirati dodatnim povećanjem izloženosti sildenafilu u usporedbi s primjenom samo supstrata CYP3A4.
The population pharmacokinetic analysis in pulmonary arterial hypertension patients suggested that co-administration of beta-blockers in combination with CYP3A4 substrates might result in an additional increase in sildenafil exposure compared with administration of CYP3A4 substrates alone.

Istodobnu primjenu ceritiniba s CYP3A supstratima za koje je poznato da imaju uske terapijske indekse(npr. astemizol, cisaprid, ciklosporin, ergotamin, fentanil, pimozid, kinidin, takrolimus, alfentanil i sirolimus) te CYP2C9 supstratima za koje se zna da imaju uske terapijske indekse(npr. fenitoin i varfarin) treba izbjegavati.
Co-administration of ceritinib with CYP3A substrates known to have narrow therapeutic indices(e.g. astemizole, cisapride, ciclosporin, ergotamine, fentanyl, pimozide, quinidine, tacrolimus, alfentanil and sirolimus) and CYP2C9 substrates known to have narrow therapeutic indices(e.g. phenytoin and warfarin) should be avoided.

Stoga istodobna primjena lumakaftora/ivakaftora može promijeniti(tj. ili povećati ili smanjiti) izloženost supstratima CYP2C8 i CYP2C9, smanjiti izloženost supstratima CYP2C19 i znatno smanjiti izloženost supstratima CYP2B6.
Therefore, concomitant use of lumacaftor/ivacaftor may alter(i.e., either increase or decrease) the exposure of CYP2C8 and CYP2C9 substrates, decrease the exposure of CYP2C19 substrates, and substantially decrease the exposure of CYP2B6 substrates.

Potreban je oprez kad se vemurafenib primjenjuje istodobno sa supstratima P-gp-a(npr. aliskirenom, ambrisentanom, kolhicinom, dabigatraneteksilatom, digoksinom, everolimusom, feksofenadinom, lapatinibom, maravirokom, nilotinibom, posakonazolom, ranolazinom, sirolimusom, sitagliptinom, talinololom, topotekanom) te se može razmotriti smanjenje doze istodobno primijenjenog lijeka, ako je to klinički indicirano.
Caution should be exercised when dosing vemurafenib concurrently with P-gp substrates(e.g. aliskiren, ambrisentan, colchicine, dabigatran etexilate, digoxin, everolimus, fexofenadine, lapatinib, maraviroc, nilotinib, posaconazole, ranolazine, sirolimus, sitagliptin, talinolol, topotecan) and dose reduction of the concomitant medicinal product may be considered, if clinically indicated.

In vitro ispitivanja s tafamidismegluminom ukazuju da nije vjerojatno da će tafamidismeglumin uzrokovati interakcije lijekova pri klinički značajnim koncentracijama sa supstratima UDP- glukuronoziltransferaze(UGT), transportera P-glikoproteina ili polipeptidnih transportera organskih aniona OATP1B1 i 1B3.
In vitro studies with tafamidis meglumine suggest that it is unlikely tafamidis meglumine will cause drug interactions at clinically relevant concentrations with substrates of UDP glucuronosyltransferase(UGT), P-gp transporters, or organic anion-transporting polypeptide transporters OATP1B1 and 1B3.

Ritonavir inhibira transportere P-glikoprotein, OATP1B1 i OATP1B3 te istodobna primjena sa supstratima ovh transportera može rezultirati povećanjem koncentracije ovih lijekova u plazmi npr. dabigatran eteksilat, digoksin, statini i bosentan; vidjeti tablicu interakcija ispod.
Ritonavir inhibits the transporters P-glycoprotein, OATP1B1 and OATP1B3, and co-administration with substrates of these transporters can result in increased plasma concentrations of these compounds e.g. dabigatran etexilate, digoxin, statins and bosentan; see the Interaction table below.

Tafamidismeglumin ujedno inhibira transportere unosa, OAT1 i OAT3( transportere organskih aniona) uz IC50 2, 9 µM odnosno IC50 2, 36 µM te može pri klinički značajnim koncentracijama uzrokovati interakcije lijekova sa supstratima tih transportera npr. nesteroidni protuupalni lijekovi, bumetanid, furosemid, lamivudin, metotreksat, oseltamivir, tenofovir, ganciklovir, adefovir, cidofovir, zidovudin, zalcitabin.
Tafamidis meglumine inhibits the uptake transporters OAT1 and OAT3(organic anion transporters) with IC50=2.9 µM and IC50=2.36 µM, respectively, and may cause drug-drug interactions at clinically relevant concentrations with substrates of these transporters e.g. non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, bumetanide, furosemide, lamivudine, methotrexate, oseltamivir, tenofovir, ganciclovir, adefovir, cidofovir, zidovudine, zalcitabine.

Ne može se isključiti mogućnost da bi olaparib mogao povećati izloženost supstratima OATP1B1(npr. bosentanu, glibenklamidu, repaglinidu, statinima i valsartanu), OCT1(npr. metforminu), OCT2(npr. serumskom kreatininu), OAT3(npr. furosemidu i metotreksatu), MATE1(npr. metforminu) i MATE2K npr. metforminu.
It cannot be excluded that olaparib may increase the exposure to substrates of OATP1B1(e.g. bosentan, glibenclamide, repaglinide, statins, and valsartan), OCT1(e.g. metformin), OCT2(e.g. serum creatinine), OAT3(e.g. furosemide and methotrexate), MATE1(e.g. metformin) and MATE2K e.g. metformin.

Ispitivanja u ljudi koja procjenjuju interakciju safinamida sa CYP1A2 i CYP3A4 supstratima(kofeinom i midazolamom), nisu pokazala nikakve klinički značajne učinke na farmakokinetički profil safinamida.
Human studies evaluating the interaction of safinamide with CYP1A2 and CYP3A4 substrates(caffeine and midazolam), did not demonstrate any clinically significant effects on the pharmacokinetic profile of safinamide.

Budući da se ne može isključiti mogućnost da olaparib može smanjiti izloženost supstratima CYP3A putem indukcije enzima, učinkovitost hormonskih kontraceptiva može biti smanjena ako se primjenjuju istodobno sa olaparibom.
Since it cannot be excluded that olaparib may reduce exposure to substrates of CYP3A through enzyme induction, the efficacy of hormonal contraceptives may be reduced if co-administered with olaparib.

Potreban je oprez kada se Glivec uzima s inhibitorima proteaze, azolnim antimikoticima, određenim makrolidima( vidjeti dio 4. 5), CYP3A4 supstratima s uskim terapijskim prozorom( npr. ciklosporin, pimozid, takrolimus, sirolimus, ergotamin, diergotamin, fentanil, alfentanil, terfenadin, bortezomib, docetaksel, kvinidin) ili varfarinom i drugim derivatima kumarina vidjeti dio 4. 5.
Caution should be used when taking Glivec with protease inhibitors, azole antifungals, certain macrolides(see section 4.5), CYP3A4 substrates with a narrow therapeutic window(e.g. cyclosporine, pimozide, tacrolimus, sirolimus, ergotamine, diergotamine, fentanyl, alfentanil, terfenadine, bortezomib, docetaxel, quinidine) or warfarin and other coumarin derivatives see section 4.5.

Na raspolaganju su proizvodi keramičke podloge, otvoreno hlađenje, razvoj industrije, zahvaljujući karakteristikama hlađenja keramičkog supstrata, u kombinaciji s keramičkim supstratima s visokom disipacijom topline, slabim toplinskim otporom, dugim vijekom trajanja, prednostima otpornosti na napon, uz poboljšanu proizvodnju Tehnologija, oprema, cijene proizvoda ubrzavaju racionalizaciju i povećavaju područje primjene LED industrije, kao što su pokazatelj proizvoda električnih aparata, svjetla automobila, ulične svjetiljke i veliki plakati na otvorenom itd.
Ceramic substrate products available, open cooling application the development of the industry, because of the ceramic substrate cooling characteristics, combined with ceramic substrates with high heat dissipation, low thermal resistance, long service life, the advantages of resistance to voltage, with the improved production technology, equipment, product prices accelerate rationalization, and enlarge the application field of LED industry, such as the indicator of electrical appliances product, car lights, street lamps and outdoor large billboards, etc.

S laganim, dobro isušenim supstratom, kaktusi uspješno rastu u takvim posudama.
With a light, well drained substrate, cacti grow with success in such dishes.