What is the translation of " 由劳动 " in English?

• by the labour
• by labor

Examples of using 由劳动 in Chinese and their translations into English

工作监察由劳动监察局实施。
Inspection of work is performed by the Labour Inspectorate.

(b)其他由劳动基金资助的活动：.
(b) Other activities financed by the Labour Fund.

此外，他又解释了交换价值由劳动决定：.
Furthermore, he explained the value in exchange as being determined by labor.

利用税收资助，由劳动部养老金总局管理。
Funded out of taxes and administered by the Labour Ministry's Directorate-General for Pensions.

它由劳动的供给和需求决定。
They are determined by the supply and demand for labor.

这是由劳动而生的篇章。
This is a seat held by Labour.

劳动力市场培训主要为职业培训，由劳动部门向成人培训中心、职业教育机构和培训服务的其他供应方购买。
Labour-market training is mainly vocational training, bought by the labour administration from adult training centres, vocational institutions and other suppliers of training services.

家属津贴制度由劳动和社会保障法及国家税收制度管理。
The family benefits system was regulated by Labor and social security laws, as well as by the country' s taxation system.

职业生涯相关立法的执行情况由劳动和社会保障部劳动监察员负责检查。
The implementation of the legislation about working life is inspected by the Labour Inspectors of the Ministry of Labour and Social Security.

这种错觉主要是由于没有认识到工资基本上是由劳动生产率决定的。
This delusion is mainly the result of failure to recognize that wages are basically determined by labor productivity.”.

组建了一个劳动纠纷委员会以研究由劳动关系处递送的报告。
A Labour Disputes Committee is formed in order to study the report sent by the Labour Relations Department.

对于法律、其他条例、集体协议和有关职业安全和健康的一般法令执行情况的视察监督由劳动监察局实施。
Inspection oversight of the implementation of laws, other regulations, collective agreements and general acts regulating occupational safety and health is performed by the labour inspectorate.

产生这种错觉的主要原因，还是在于没有认清工资根本是由劳动生产率决定的。
This delusion is mainly the result of failure to recognize that wages are basically determined by labor productivity.

雇用关系和职业健康与安全规则的遵守情况，由劳动监察员监督。
Supervision over employment relationships and compliance with occupational health and safety rules is performed by the Labour Inspectorate.

他认为，所有新的价值都是由劳动创造的，但资本家将其中一部分--剩余价值--作为利润私占了。
He argues that all new value is created by labour, but that capitalists appropriate some of it- surplus value- as profits.

目前正在设立一个工作与家庭生活协调委员会，由劳动部主持。
(e) A Committee for the Reconciliation of Work and Family Life, presided by the Department of Labor, is being set up at the moment.

大部分外国帮佣工人都是由那些希望显示其财富的个人雇用的，而不是由劳动妇女雇用的。
Most foreign domestic workers were hired by persons who wished to display their wealth, not by working women.

有关劳动标准的关切和控诉向劳动部劳动标准局提交，随后由劳动标准官员审查。
Concerns and complaints regarding labour standards are filed with the Labour Standards Branch, Department of Labour, and subsequently reviewed by Labour Standards Officers.

所有这些原则在公营部门或私营部门的经济企业中得到了有效的贯彻，这些企业都是通过企业或分支机构的劳资协议来组织的，其合法性由劳动监察部门加以监督。
All these principles are enforced in public and private-sector companies through company or sectoral collective bargaining agreements, the legality of which is monitored by the Labour Inspectorate.

关于职业健康和培训适用性的检查费用的退款，由雇主和(或)培训机构提出申请，但检查费用由劳动中心直接向实施检查的机构退还。
The reimbursement of the costs of occupation health and training suitability examinations is requested by the employer and/or the training institution, but the costs of examination are reimbursed by the labour centre directly to the organisation carrying out the examination.

作为劳工组织报告的补充，要提及的是，有关荷兰商业部门中法定最低工资执行情况的新研究于2003年3月由劳动监察局完成了。12.
Supplementary to the report to the ILO, it can be mentioned that this new study on the application of the statutory minimum wage in the Dutch business sector was completed by the Labour Inspectorate in March 2003.

监测最低工资是否有效发挥作用这一工作由劳动监察员进行，监察员有时在私营企业中发现违反最低工资制度的企业。
The monitoring of the effective functioning of the minimum wage is exercised by labour inspectors who sometimes find cases of violation of this system in private establishments.

劳动条例的执行由对众议院负责的国家劳动监察署监督（该署履行法定义务的情况由劳动保护理事会监督）。
Implementation of labor regulations is monitored by the National Labor Inspectorate, an institution accountable to the Sejm(the Inspectorate' s performance of its statutory obligations being supervised by the Labor Protection Council).

大多数受训的失业人员（80%）参加了集体培训，集体培训的科目由劳动部门安排，有劳动部门选择的培训机构承办。
Most of the trained unemployed persons(80 per cent) participate in group training, whose subjects are planned by labour offices and contracted in the training institution selected by the offices.

采用灵活的就业形式，包括在家工作、设立兼职工作和活动（灵活）工作表（制度），工作由劳动立法和包含劳动权的法律法规予以调节。
The use of flexible forms of employment, including teleworking, the establishment of part-time work and flexitime, is regulated by labour legislation and other normative legal acts containing labour law regulations.

价值由劳动所创造。
Value is created by labour.

第三十六条本规定由劳动部解释。
Article 36: These Regulations shall be interpreted by the Ministry of Labour.

由劳动部向部长理事会提交。
Submitted by Minister of Labour to Council of Ministers.

商品的交换价值由劳动力价值决定。
The exchange-value of commodity is dictated by the value of labour-time.