What is the translation of " 研究与开发 " in English?

• research and development

Examples of using 研究与开发 in Chinese and their translations into English

军事研究与开发.
MILITARY RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT.

美国国家环境保护局研究与开发办公室（ORD）.
EPA' s Office of Research and Development(ORD).

(研究与开发开支总额在国内总产值中所占百分比).
(Total expenditures on research and development as per cent of GDP).

说明：研究与开发开支总额：英文缩略GERD。
Note: Total expenditures for research and development: abbreviation GERD.

资助研究与开发。
(b) Funding for research and development.

具有生物医学工程研究与开发的初步能力；.
With the preliminary ability of studying and developing biomedical engineering;

水下酒店设计由国家研究与开发中心提名。
The underwater hotel design was nominated by the National Center for Research and Development.

第三，研究与开发。
Thirdly, look at research and development.

第三，研究与开发。
The third is Research and Development.

参加欧盟第四次研究与开发框架方案.
Participates in the EU Fourth Framework Programme for Research and Development.

第三，研究与开发。
The second is research and development.

大学加利西亚研究与开发（IDEGA.
The University Institute of Research and Development of Galicia IDEGA.

业投入研究与开发。
Industry has invested in research and development.

研究与开发成果的商业化；.
The commercialization of research and development results;

(a)补贴研究与开发的费用；.
(a) Subsidies for research and development costs;

宝洁首先是一家研究与开发公司。
Hair Science is first and foremost a research and development company.

惠普公司非常重视研究与开发。
Hanwei attaches great importance to research and development.

宝洁首先是一家研究与开发公司。
AllofE is first and foremost a research and development firm.

从这个意义上讲，宝洁首先是一家研究与开发公司。
AllofE is first and foremost a research and development firm.

研究与开发，创新，新产品开发和产品设计往往可互换使用，但它们各有不同的含义。
Research and development, innovation, new product development and product design are often used interchangeably, but they each have quite distinct meanings.

企业研究与开发支出下滑6%至209亿美元，而政府研发(R&D)增长4%至150亿美元。
Corporate research and development(R&D) spending slipped 6% to $20.9 billion, while government R&D rose 4% to $15 billion.

我们的优势在于技术专长，研究与开发，有效的客户服务以及对客户成功的承诺。
Our strength lies in the combination of technical expertise, research and development, effective customer service, and commitment to the success of our customers.

年期间，公共农业研究与开发增加了一倍以上(抵消先前的下降)，工资水平提升，政府招聘冻结取消。
Public agricultural research and development more than doubled during 2000-2008, offsetting an earlier decline, salary levels increased and a freeze on government recruitment was lifted.

NNPC研究与开发部门(R&D)也参与了项目的环境和社会影响评估(ESIA)。
The NNPC Research and Development Division(R&D) is also being engaged for the conduct of Environmental and Social Impact Assessment(ESIA) for the projects.

有报道说，印度国防研究与开发组织（drdo）计划开发高功率激光武器技术来击落导弹。
There are reports that India's Defence Research and Development Organisation(DRDO) plans to develop high-powered laser weapons technology to shoot down missiles.

访问（认为有关和适当的任何地点，诸如研究与开发或生产设施、飞行试验地点、退役地点等）。
Visits(to any sites deemed relevant and appropriate, such as research and development or production facilities, flight-testing sites, decommissioning sites, etc.).

在热带作物研究所，与会者了解到实验室研究与开发是如何通过农民推广活动得到传播的。
At the Institute for Tropical Crops, participants learned how laboratory research and development had been disseminated through farmer extension activities.

处理更多数据：研究可以更快地完成，如纽约时报研究与开发实验室的编辑应用程序所示。
Crunching more data: Research can be performed much faster, as shown by The New York Times Research and Development Lab's Editor application.

缩略语：NAMA=适合本国的缓解行动，R&D=研究与开发，VC=风险资本。
Abbreviations: NAMA= nationally appropriate mitigation action, R& D= research and development, VC= venture capital.

课程结构90个ECTS课程包括以下模块：全球企业管理，研究与开发，选修课和硕士论文。
The 90 ECTS program consists of the following modules: Global business management, Research and development, Electives and Master's thesis.