A recipient who receives the ciphertext"QUKCE&CBQPIYRU" would write down keyword letters above the ciphertext in order to determine which line should be used for deciphering each letter.
In these modes, alignment of the start of the(real) ciphertext is not an issue at the receiver. o In some cases, the receiver reads the IV in separately from the ciphertext.
Cramer- Shoup system is an asymmetric key encryption algorithm, and was the first efficient schemeproven to be secure against adaptive chosen ciphertext attack using standard cryptographic assumptions.
Even if just a few blocks overlap in two different messages,the NSA cracker software will shift and compare the ciphertext messages until the statistical frequency of characters matches the expected statistics for English language text.
ENCRYPTION The process of transforming plaintext data into an unintelligible form(ciphertext) such that the original data either cannot be recovered(one-way encryption) or cannot be recovered without using an inverse decryption process(two-way encryption).
Although XML Encryption can be used to encrypt any kind of data, it is nonetheless known as“XML Encryption” because an XML element(either an EncryptedData or EncryptedKey element)contains or refers to the cipher text, keying information, and algorithms.
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