FANCA accounts for 60% to 70% of pathogenic variants, FANCC accounts for approximately 14%, and the remaining genes each account for 3% or fewer.
病原性多様体の確率の評価と同様に、がんリスクの算出も複雑で、詳細な健康歴と家族歴を必要とする。
Similar to pathogenic variant probability assessments, cancer risk calculations are also complex and necessitate a detailed health history and family history.
For example,the penetrance for breast cancer in female carriers of BRCA1/BRCA2 pathogenic variants is often quoted by age 50 years and by age 70 years.
If a documented pathogenic variant(associated with cancer risk) is identified, risks are based on penetrance data for pathogenic variants of that specific gene.
Similarly, another study showed a difference in age at breastcancer diagnosis between 80 mother-and-daughter paired pathogenic variant carriers but only if the mother was diagnosed with breast cancer after age 50 years.
APC pathogenic variant status unknown or positive Colonoscopy Every 2- 3 y Late teens If APC pathogenic variant status not tested, consider genetic testing.
Pathogenic variant in a high-penetrance gene concordant with the existing personal/family history(e.g., a germline MSH2 pathogenic variant in an individual who meets Amsterdam criteria for Lynch syndrome).
In general, breast cancer risk assessment models are designed for two types of populations:1 women without a pathogenic variant or strong family history of breast or ovarian cancer;
Specifically, in this study of 193 patients with sporadic breast cancer, 17 pathogenic variants were detected,one of which was confirmed to be a de novo pathogenic variant.
Possible reproductive implications associated with pathogenic variants in genes associated with recessive conditions(i.e., ATM, Fanconi anemia[BRCA2, PALB2], NBN, BLM).
The rate of breast cancer in 105 carriers of pathogenic variants who underwent bilateral RRM was compared with that in 378 carriers who did not choose surgery.
Some of the subjects in this study were also included in a larger,more comprehensive analysis of carriers of pathogenic variants from three European centers.
Subsequently, a large clinical series of patients from France who were tested primarily based on the 2009 version of theChompret criteria included 415 carriers of pathogenic variants from 214 families.
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