Примеры использования Anti-fouling paints на Английском языке и их переводы на Русский язык
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Anti-fouling paints.
Organotin compounds used in anti-fouling paints.
The use of toxic anti-fouling paints on ships' hulls seriously harms marine life.
Data applying to TBTO is principally reported,as this was the main chemical form used in anti-fouling paints.
Furthermore, the use of toxic anti-fouling paints on ships' hulls can seriously harm marine life.
Some countries, such as Japan,have already banned organotin in anti-fouling paints for most ships.
The need to phase out harmful anti-fouling paints used on ships has come to be considered as a priority for IMO.
Identity Data for tributyltin oxide is provided as the most commonly reported form used in anti-fouling paints.
Canada: Since 1989, several non-TBT anti-fouling paints have been evaluated and registered for use in Canada.
Canada: There was no detailed assessment conducted on the socio-economic effects of the final regulatory action to ban the use of TBT based anti-fouling paints.
Presently, there are more than 50 copper-based anti-fouling paints registered for use by either small ship owners or professional paint applicators.
Such pollutants include oil and oily mixtures, noxious liquid substances, sewage, garbage,noxious solid substances, anti-fouling paints, foreign organisms and noise.
While the use of anti-fouling paints containing TBT has been banned, they continue to be used in material and wood preservatives and as a slimicide.
It was noted that the predominant use of those compounds was in anti-fouling paints; all other uses were minor.
Canada: Registrations of all TBT-based anti-fouling paints, and the associated registered active ingredients and concentrates, were phased out by 31 October 2002.
These non-tin products contain copper active ingredients that offer anti-fouling properties similar to those of the TBT anti-fouling paints.
It also traces progress achieved in drafting new regulations on anti-fouling paints and ballast water management and reports on recent measures to deal with pollution incidents.
Anti-fouling paints are used to coat the bottoms of ships to prevent marine life such as algae and molluscs from attaching themselves to the hull, thereby slowing down the ship and increasing fuel consumption.
Both notifications indicated the persistence of tributyl tin compounds in sediment and identified anti-fouling paints as the main source of tributyl tin compounds toxicity in the marine environment.
Through accidental or intentional pollution, ships may release into the marine environment, either directly or indirectly through the atmosphere, a wide variety of substances, such as oil and oily mixtures, noxious liquid substances, sewage, garbage,noxious solid substances, anti-fouling paints, alien organisms.
Some pollutants, such as oil, noxious liquid substances, sewage,garbage, anti-fouling paints or unwanted aquatic organisms, are released into the marine environment by ships in the course of their routine operations, either as a result of accidents, or illegally.
It shall be prohibited to oil or clean the outside of vessels using products which must not be discharged into the waterway,or to use anti-fouling paints containing the following substances or preparations based thereon.
Since the entry into force of the International Convention on the Control of Harmful Anti-fouling Systems on Ships in 2008, anti-fouling systems containing organotin compounds acting as biocides have been removed from the market and replaced with effective alternative antifouling systems by members of the International Paint and Printing Ink Council,who produce over 90 per cent of the world's anti-fouling paints.
However, threats to the marine environment from shipping can arise not only from polluting accidents, but also from operational discharges; physical damage to marine habitats;the use of toxic anti-fouling paints on ships' hulls; ballast water discharge; and intense underwater anthropogenic noise.
A mention was made of the importance of reaching an early agreement in IMO on hazardous substances in anti-fouling paints and the spread of harmful aquatic organisms in ballast water, and in the International Seabed Authority on environmental standards for seabed prospecting and, eventually, for mining.
Other hazards to the marine environment come from the introduction of exotic species contained in ballast water taken on in distant discharging ports as well as anti-fouling paints containing toxic substances.
The Baltic Marine Environment Protection Committee(HELCOM) reported(via UNEP) that the Helsinki Commission at its 20th meeting(22-24 March 1999)had adopted HELCOM Recommendation 20/4 concerning anti-fouling paints containing organotin compounds, which recommends that the Governments of the Contracting Parties to the Helsinki Convention take effective measures to eliminate pollution from such anti-fouling paints. .
European Community: Unacceptable risks to non-target aquatic organisms were identified in the release to surface waters both from the manufacture of TBT and TBT-containing anti-fouling paints and the hulls of ships painted with anti-fouling paints. .
General: The International Convention on the Control of Harmful Anti-fouling Systems on Ships prohibits the use of harmful organotins in anti-fouling paints used on ships and establishes a mechanism to prevent the potential future use of other harmful substances in anti-fouling systems.
The marine environment can be adversely affected as a result of a legal, accidental or deliberate discharge of such pollutants as oil and oily wastes, noxious liquid substances, sewage, garbage,noxious solid substances, anti-fouling paints or foreign organisms directly into the marine environment or indirectly through the atmosphere.