Примери коришћења Lanthanides на Енглеском и њихови преводи на Српски
{-}
-
Colloquial
-
Ecclesiastic
-
Computer
-
Latin
-
Cyrillic
The lanthanides also have a variety of nuclear applications.
The elements are arranged in a continuous spiral, with hydrogen at the center andthe transition metals, lanthanides, and actinides occupying peninsulas.[82].
In the lanthanides, the contraction is about 4.4 pm per element;
Because of the similarity of their properties andtheir occurrence together in nature, the lanthanides can be separated from each other and purified only with considerable effort.
Lanthanides and actinides are elements with unfilled\(f\) orbitals.
The s-block and p-block together are usually considered as the main-group elements, the d-block corresponds to the transition metals, andthe f-block are the lanthanides and the actinides.
The lanthanides react slowly with cold water and more rapidly with hot water to form hydrogen gas.
Nevertheless, solid praseodymium takes on the[Xe]4f25d16s2 configuration,with one electron in the 5d subshell like all the other trivalent lanthanides(all but europium and ytterbium, which are divalent in the metallic state).
The lanthanides form alloys(mixtures) with many other metals, and these alloys exhibit a wide range of physical properties.
The metals are divided into the highly reactive alkali metals,through the less reactive alkaline earth metals, lanthanides and actinides, via the archetypal transition metals, and ending in the physically and chemically weak poor metals.
But for the existence of the lanthanides the composition of group 3 would not have been a source of any special interest, since scandium, yttrium, lanthanum and actinium exhibit the same gradual change in properties as do calcium, strontium, barium and radium in group 2.[133].
A few authors position all thirty lanthanides and actinides in the two positions below yttrium(usually via footnote markers).
Comparisons with the wave functions of the outer electrons of the lanthanides, actinides, and superactinides lead to a prediction of a contraction of about 2 pm per element in the superactinides; although this is smaller than the contractions in the lanthanides and actinides, its total effect is larger due to the fact that 32 electrons are filled in the deeply buried 5g and 6f shells, instead of just 14 electrons being filled in the 4f and 5f shells in the lanthanides and actinides respectively.
The contraction is larger in the lanthanides than in the actinides due to the greater localization of the 4f wave function as compared to the 5f wave function.
The elements immediately following the lanthanides have atomic radii that are smaller than would be expected and that are almost identical to the atomic radii of the elements immediately above them.
Although this is smaller than the contractions in the lanthanides and actinides, its total effect is larger due to the fact that 32 electrons are filled in the deeply buried 5g and 6f shells, instead of just 14 electrons being filled in the 4f and 5f shells in the lanthanides and actinides respectively.
The Lanthanide Contraction is the result of a poor shielding effect of the 4f electrons.
This is known as the lanthanide contraction.
This is called the lanthanide contraction.
Titanium is considerably different from the other two owing to the effects of the lanthanide contraction.
This decrease is known as the Lanthanide Contraction.
WEB This is known as the lanthanide contraction.
This is referred to as'lanthanide contraction'.
Also, a common presentation is to put all 15 lanthanide and actinide columns below, while the f-block only has 14 columns.
One of the main directions of this joint effort was to find means of extracting radioactive actinide and lanthanide isotopes from solutions.
Due to the lanthanide contraction of the elements in the fifth period, zirconium and hafnium have nearly identical ionic radii.
The effect of the lanthanide contraction is noticeable up to platinum(element 78), after which it is masked by a relativistic effect known as the inert pair effect.
Similarly to the lanthanide and actinide contractions, there should be a superactinide contraction in the superactinide series where the ionic radii of the superactinides are smaller than expected.
The best known lanthanide alloy, Auer metal, is a mixture of cerium and iron that produces a spark when struck.
The d-block contraction, which is a similar effect between the d-block and p-block,is less pronounced than the lanthanide contraction but arises from a similar cause.[34].