Sta znaci na Engleskom REFERENTNOG INSTRUMENTA - prevod na Енглеском

• underlying instrument

Примери коришћења Referentnog instrumenta на Српском и њихови преводи на Енглески

Izvršenje u novcu Ukoliko isporuka ili kupovina referentnog instrumenta nije moguća npr.
Payment in Cash If the delivery or buying of an underlying instrument is not possible e.g.

U slučaju kretanja cene referentnog instrumenta u smeru nepovoljnom za prodavca opcije, potencijalni gubitak za njega može biti neograničen.
In the event of the underlying instrument price movement in the direction unfavourable for the option seller, potential loss for him may be unlimited.

Inicijalna uplata i pozivi na doplatu Prodaja nepokrivenih opcija ili kupovina ili prodaja futures ugovora zahteva upotrebu osiguranja, najčešće novca ili referentnog instrumenta.
Initial Margin and Margin Call The sales of non-covered options or buying or selling of the futures agreements requires the use of collateral, most often cash or underlying instrument.

Call opcija, u zamenu za plaćenu premiju, kupcu daje pravo na kupovinu referentnog instrumenta po izvršnoj ceni na određeni dan ili tokom određenog vremenskog perioda.
Call option, in exchange for paid premium, entitles buyer to buy underlying instrument at the strike price on certain date or during certain time period.

Ukoliko cena referentnog instrumenta padne prodavac put opcije se može naći u situaciji da mora kupiti referentni instrument po ceni značajno većoj od tržišne.
If the underlying instrument price falls, the put option seller may be in the situation that he must buy the underlying instrument at the price significantly higher than the market price.

Vrednost( cena) opcije ovisi o izvršnoj cijeni, prinosu i volatilnosti referentnog instrumenta, preostalom roku do dospeća opcije, nivou kamatnih stopa i situaciji na tržištu.
Option value(price) depends on the strike price, underlying instrument yield and volatility, remaining term to the option maturity, interest rate level, and market situation.

Kupovina i prodaja futures ugovora Futures ugovor je standardizovani ugovor kojim se trguje na berzi, a kojim se kupac ili prodavac obavezuje da kupi ili proda određenu količinu referentnog instrumenta po određenoj cijeni na određeni datum u budućnosti.
Futures Agreement Buying and Selling Futures agreement is the standardised agreement traded at stock exchange under which the buyer or seller is bound to buy or sell certain volume of the underlying instrument at certain price on certain date in the future.

U slučaju obaveze kupovine referentnog instrumenta ukupan iznos novčanih sredstava koji je potreban za njegovu kupovinu mora biti dostupan po dospeću.
In the event of obligatory buying of the underlying instrument, total amount of the funds necessary for its buying must be available at maturity.

Nakon inicijalne uplate osiguranja( eng. initial margin), u slučaju nepovoljnog kretanja tržišne cijene referentnog instrumenta, inicijalnu uplatu je potrebno povećavati tj. dolazi do poziva na doplatu( eng. margin call).
After initial margin payment, in case of unfavourable movement of the underlying instrument market price, the initial margin needs to be increased, i.e. margin call occurs.

U slučaju kretanja cene referentnog instrumenta u smeru suprotnom od očekivanja kupca opcije, opcija gubi na vrednosti, odnosno može u potpunosti izgubiti vrednost po dospeću.
In the event of the underlying instrument price movement in the direction contrary to option buyer's expectations, the option loses its value, i.e. it may fully lose its value at maturity.

Izvedeni finansijski instrumentise koriste u svrhu zaštite od rizika promene cene referentnog instrumenta( eng. hedging), u špekulativne svrhe, te za različite tipove arbitraže.
Derivative financial instruments are used for the purpose of protection from risk of underlying instrument price change(hedging), for speculative purposes, and for various arbitration types.

Razlika između tržišne cene referentnog instrumenta i izvršne cene predstavlja potencijalni gubitak prodavca opcije, te se ne može unapred predvideti, a u nekim slučajevima taj gubitak teoretski može biti i neograničen.
The difference between the underlying instrument market price and strike price is the potential loss of the option seller, thus, it may not be forecast in advance, and in some cases the theoretical loss may even be unlimited.

Forward ugovor je poput futures ugovora instrument kojim se kupac ili prodavac da kupi ili proda određenu količinu referentnog instrumenta po određenoj ceni na određeni datum u budućnosti.
Forward agreement is like the futures agreement the instrument by which the buyer or seller is bound to buy or sell certain volume of the underlying instrument at certain price on certain date in the future.

U slučaju rasta tržišne cene referentnog instrumenta, prodavac cal opcije se može naći u situaciji da mora isporučiti referentni instrument u trenutku kad je njegova tržišna cena značajno iznad izvršne cene.
In the event of the underlying instrument market price rise, the call option seller may be in the situation that the underlying instrument must be delivered at the moment when its market price is significantly above the strike price.

Futures ugovor je standardizovani ugovor kojim se trguje na berzi, a kojim se kupac ili prodavac obavezuje da kupi ili proda određenu količinu referentnog instrumenta po određenoj ceni na određeni datum u budućnosti.
Futures agreement is standardised agreement traded at stock exchange, in which buyer or seller is bound to buy or sell certain volume of the underlying instrument at certain price on certain date in the future.

U slučaju prodaje cal ili put opcije, prodavac se obavezuje na isporuku ili kupovinu referentnog instrumenta po izvršnoj ceni u bilo kom trenutku do dospeća( ukoliko se radi o američkoj opciji) ili o dospeću( u slučaju evropske opcije) ukoliko kupac opcije odluči da izvrši svoje pravo iz opcije.
In case of the sales of call or put option, the seller is bound to deliver or buy the underlying instrument at the strike price at any moment to maturity(if this is the American option) or at maturity(in case of the European option) if the option buyer decides to exercise the right from the option.

Rizici povezani s ulaganjem u opcijske, futures i forward ugovore Opcije su finansijski derivati koje kupcu daju pravo, ali ne i obavezu na kupovinu ili prodaju određene količine referentnog instrumenta po dogovorenoj ceni( izvršna cena) na određeni dan ili tokom određenog vremenskog perioda.
Risks Relating to Investment in Option, Futures, and Forward Agreements Options are the financial derivatives under which buyer is entitled, but not bound, to buy or sell certain volume of an underlying instrument at the agreed price(strike price) on a certain date or during certain time period.

U slučaju preuzimanja obaveze za isporuku referentnog instrumenta koji nije u vlasništvu lica koje ima tu obavezu(" nepokrivena kratka pozicija"), instrument je potrebno kupiti na tržištu po dospeću, što znači da se potencijalni rizik ne može unapred predvideti, a gubitak teoretski može biti i neograničen.
In the event of assuming the obligation for the delivery of the underlying instrument which is not owned by the entity having such obligation("non-covered short position"), the instrument needs to be bought on the market at maturity, meaning that the potential risk may not be forecast in advance, and the loss may theoretically be unlimited.

Do potpunog gubitka vrednosti opcije o dospeću dolazi kod call opcije ukoliko je tržišna cena referentnog finansijskog instrumenta niža od izvršne cene opcije, a kod put opcije ukoliko je tržišna cena referentnog instrumenta viša od izvršne cene opcije.
Complete loss of option value at maturity occurs with call option if the market price of the underlying financial instrument is lower than the option strike price, and with put option if the market price of the underlying instrument is higher than the option strike price.

Kupovina i prodaja opcija U slučaju kupovine call ili put opcije, kupuje se pravo na kupovinu ili prodaju referentnog instrumenta ili u nekim slučajevima pravo na prijem određenog iznosa novčanih sredstava koji odgovara razlici između izvršne i tržišne cene referentnog instrumenta u trenutku izvršenja opcije.
Option Buying and Selling In case of buying call or put option, the right to buying or selling the underlying instrument or, in some cases, the right to receive certain amount of funds which equals the difference between the strike and market price of the underlying instrument at the moment of option exercising.

Umesto da trguju samim referentnim instrumentom, ugovorne strane se obavezuju razmeniti novac, referentni instrument koji je predmet ugovora, ili neku drugu vrednost, na određeni datum ili unutar određenog roka, a zasnovano na vrednosti referentnog instrumenta.
Instead of trading the underlying instrument, the parties in the agreement are bound to exchange money, underlying agreement which is the agreement subject matter, or another value, on a certain date or within certain term, based on the value of the underlying instrument.

Zbog toga što uglavnom nije potrebno unapred platiti punu vrednost referentnog instrumenta koji je predmet transakcije nego se razmena novčanih tokova odvija u budućnosti na osnovu unapred definisane formule, izvedeni finansijski instrumenti omogućavaju korišćenje visokog stepena finansijske poluge što znatno povećava rizik takve vrste ulaganja.
Since it is mostly not necessary to pay in advance full value of the underlying instrument which is the transaction subject, but cash flow exchange is carried out in the future based on the pre-defined formula, the derivative financial instruments ensure the use of high financial leverage degree which significantly increases the risk of such investment type.

U slučaju opcija na indekse ili futuresa na indekse, postoji obaveza plaćanja- ukoliko se nisu ispunila tržišna očekivanja- novčanog iznosa koji je jednak razlici između izvršne cene opcije ili izvršne cene futures ugovora i tržišne vrednosti referentnog instrumenta u trenutku izvršavanja opcije ili futures ugovora.
In case of options on indices or futures on indices, there is the obligation of payment- if market expectations have failed to be met- of cash amount equal to the difference between option strike price or futures agreement strike price and the underlying instrument market value at the moment of exercising option or futures agreement.

Светски центар за радијацију у Давосу( Швајцарска) одржава Светски стандардни референтни инструмент за мерење соларне радијације, док се WMO Светски центар за податке о радијацији( WRDC) налази се у Санкт Петербургу( Русија).
The World Standard Reference instrument for solar radiation measurements is maintained by the World Radiation Centre in Davos(Switzerland) and the WMO World Radiation Data Centre(WRDC) is located in Saint Petersburg(Russian Federation).

Opseg transakcija izvedenim finansijskim instrumentima na svetskim tržištima novca i kapitala je u stalnom porastu, a učesnici na tržištu neprestano kreiraju nove tipove ovih instrumenata zasnovane na novim i sve raznovrsnijim referentnim instrumentima i formulama za isplatu.
The volume of transactions of derivative financial instruments continuingly increases on the world money and capital markets, and market participants continuingly create new types of such instruments based on new and increasingly diverse underlying instruments and formulas for discharge.

Индикација грешке у инструменту под референтним условима.
Error of an instrument, determined under reference conditions.

Kao referentni instrumenti mogu se koristiti najrazličitiji finansijski i nefinansijski instrumenti i veličine: hartije od vrednosti, valute, berzanski indeksi, robe, kamatne stope, drugi izvedeni finansijski instrumenti..
As underlying assets can be used financial and non- financial instruments of all types and size: securities, currencies, market indices, commodities, interest rates, other derived financial instruments.