Eksempler på brug af Descent with modification på Engelsk og deres oversættelser til Dansk
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Therefore I cannot doubt that the theory of descent with modification embraces all the members of the same class.
Derfor kan jeg ikke tvivle om, at jo Theorien om en af Modifikation ledsaget Afstamning omfatter alle Medlemmer af samme Klasse.Let us see how far these several facts andinferences accord with the theory of descent with modification.
Lad os nu se, hvorvidt disse forskjellige Kjends-gjerninger ogSlutninger stemme overens med Theorien om en af Modifikation ledsaget Afstamning.Bruxelles,' tom. xiii. p. 581,his opinion that it is more probable that new species have been produced by descent with modification, than that they have been separately created: the author first promulgated this opinion in 1831.
Bruxelles«, tom. XIII,p. 581 det som sin Mening, Let us see how farthese several facts and inferences accord with the theory of descent with modification.
Lad os nu se, hvorvidt disse forskellige Kendsgerninger ogSlut- ninger stemmer overens med Teorien om en af Modifikation ledsaget Nedstamning.Thus, on the theory of descent with modification, the main facts with respect to the mutual affinities of the extinct forms of life to each other and to living forms, are explained in a satisfactory manner.
Saaledes er, efter Teorien om en Nedstamning med ledsagende Modifikation, Hovedkendsgerningerne, That many and serious objections may be advanced against the theory of descent with modification through natural selection, I do not deny.
At der kan fremføres mange og alvorlige Indvendinger imod Theorien om Afstamning ledsaget af ved Kvalitetsvalget frembragte Modifikationer, nægter jeg ikke.If we admit that the geological record is imperfect[page] 563 in an extreme degree, then the facts, which the record does give,strongly support the theory of descent with modification.
Dersom vi indrømme, at den geologiske Viden er ufuldkommen i overordenlig høj Grad, saa understøtte dog de Kjendsgjerninger, den meddeler os,meget kraftig Theo-rien om en af Modifikation ledsaget Afstamning.Thus it is,as I believe, that two or more genera are produced by descent with modification, from two or more species of the same genus.
Saaledes tror jeg, det er gaaet til, at to ellerflere Slægter er bleven frembragt ved en af Modifikationer ledsaget Afstamning fra to eller flere Arter af samme Slægt.If we admit that the geological record is imperfect[page] 563 in an extreme degree, then the facts, which the record does give,strongly support the theory of descent with modification.
Dersom vi indrømmer, at den geologiske Viden er ufuldkommen i overordentlig høj Grad, saa understøtter dog de Kendsgerninger, den meddeler os,meget kraftig Teorien om en af Modifikation led- saget Afstamning.Thus it is,as I believe, that two or more genera are produced by descent with modification, from two or more species of the same genus.
Saaledes troer jeg, det er gaaet til, at to ellerfiere Slægter ere blevne frembragte ved en af Modifikationer ledsaget Afstamning fra to eller flere Arter af samme Slægt.In the following remarks I shall not confine myself to the mere question of dispersal; but shall consider some other facts,which bear on the truth of the two theories of independent creation and of descent with modification.
I de følgende Bemærkninger skal jeg ikke indskrænke mig til kun at omtale selve Udbredelsesspørgsmaalet, men skal se noget nærmere paa nogle andre Kjendsgjerninger,som vedrøre Sandheden af de to Theorier: indbyrdes uafhængige Skabelsesakter og en af Modifikation ledsaget Afstamning.On this same view of descent with modification, all the great facts in Morphology become intelligible,-whether we look to the same pattern displayed by the different species of the same class in their homologous organs, to whatever purpose applied;
Gaa vi ud fra denne samme Theori om en af Modifikation ledsaget Afstamning, saa blive alle de store Forhold i Morfologien forstaaelige, hvad enten vi se hen til, at den samme Model er brugt hos de forskjellige Arter af samme Klasse for deres homologe Organer, hvad de saa bruges til;In 1846 the veteran geologist M. J. d'Omalius d'Halloy published in an excellent, though short paper('Bulletins de l'Acad. Roy. Bruxelles,' tom. xiii. p. 581),his opinion that it is more probable that new species have been produced by descent with modification, than that they have been separately created: the author first promulgated this opinion in 1831.
Fremsatte Veteranen for Geologerne M. J. d'O-malius d'Halloy i The existence of closely allied or representative species in any two areas, implies,on the theory of descent with modification, that the same parents formerly inhabited both areas; and we almost invariably find that wherever many closely allied species inhabit two areas, some identical species common to both still exist there.
Tilstedeværelsen af nær beslægtede Arter eller Arter, der træde i Stedet for hinanden paa hvilkesomhelst to Strøg, forudsætter, naarman holder paa en af Modifikation ledsaget Afstamning, at de samme Stamformer tidligere beboede begge Strøg, og vi finde næsten uden Undtagelse, at, hvor mange nær beslægtede Arter bebo tvende Strøg, der er der endnu nogle identiske Arter, der bebo dem begge.Looking to geographical distribution, if we admit that there has been during the long course of ages much migration from one part of the world to another, owing to former climatal and geographical changes and to the many occasional and unknown means of dispersal, then we can understand,on the theory of descent with modification, most of the great leading facts in Distribution.
Se vi hen til den geografiske Udbredelse, saa kunne vi, dersom vi indrømme, at der i Løbet af de lange Tider har været megen Vandren fra den ene Del af Verden til den anden paa Grund af tidligere klimatiske og geografiske Forandringer og ved Hjælp af mange lejlighedsvis fore-kommnde og ubekjendte Udbredelsesmidler, forstaa, naarvi holde paa Theorien om en af Modifikation ledsaget Afstamning, de fleste af Udbredelsens store Hovedkjends-gjerninger.On the view of descent with, modification, we may conclude that the existence of organs in a rudimentary, imperfect, and useless condition, or quite aborted, far from presenting a strange difficulty, as they assuredly do on the ordinary doctrine of creation, might even have been anticipated in accordance with the views here explained.
Naar man holder paa en af Modifikation ledsaget Afstamning, saa kan man forstaa, at Tilstedeværelsen af Organer i en rudimentær, ufuldkommen og unyttig Tilstand(eller ogsaa aldeles fejlslagne) langt fra at blive en besynderlig Vanskelighed- hvad de ganske sikkert ere, naar man holder paa den almindelige Skabelsestheori- snarere efter den Synsmaade, vi her have gjort gjældende, kunde have været forudsete.When most of the species inhabiting one region are different from those of another region, but are closely allied or belong to the same genera, if in all such cases it can be shown that there probably has been at some former period migration from the one region to the other,our general view will be much strengthened; for the explanation is obvious on the principle of descent with modification.
Naar de fleste af de Arter, der bebo en Egn, ere forskjellige fra dem, der leve i en anden Egn, men dog ere nær beslægtede med dem eller høre til den samme Slægt, dersom man i saadanné Tilfælde kan vise, at der rimeligvis i en tidligere Periode har været Vandring fra den ene Egn til den anden,saa vil dette meget styrke vor Betragtningsmaade; thi Forklaringen er let nok at give efter Theorien om Afstamning ledsaget af Modifikation.On the theory of descent with modification, the great law of the long enduring, but not immutable, succession of the same types within the same areas, is at once explained; for the inhabitants of each quarter of the world will obviously tend to leave in that quarter, during the next succeeding period of time, closely allied though in some degree modified descendants.
Ved Teorien om Nedstamning ledsaget af Modifika- tion er den store Lov Looking to geographical distribution, if we admit that there has been during the long course of ages much migration from one part of the world to another, owing to former climatal and geographical changes and to the many occasional and unknown means of dispersal, then we can understand,on the theory of descent with modification, most of the great leading facts in Distribution.
Ser vi hen til den geografiske Udbredelse, saa kan vi, dersom vi indrømmer, at der i Løbet af de lange Tider har været megen Vandren fra den ene Del af Verden til den anden paa Grund af tid- ligere klimatiske og geografiske Forandringer og ved Hjælp af mange lejlighedsvis forekommende og ubekendte Udbredelsesmid- ler, forstaa, naarvi holder paa Teorien om en af Modifikation led- saget Afstamning, de fleste af Udbredelsens store Hovedkends- gerninger.On the theory of descent with modification, the great law of the long enduring, but not immutable, succession of the same types within the same areas, is at once explained; for the inhabitants of each quarter of the world will obviously tend to leave in that quarter, during the next succeeding period of time, closely allied though in some degree modified descendants.
Der kunde anføres analoge Exempler paa Havdyrenes Udbredelse.[page] 428 Ved Theorien om Afstamning ledsaget af Modifikation er den store Lov Difficulties of the theory of descent with modification- Transitions- Absence or rarity of transitional varieties- Transitions in habits of life- Diversified habits in the same species- Species with habits widely different from those of their allies- Organs of extreme perfection- Modes of transition- Cases of difficulty- Natura non facit saltum- Organs of small importance- Organs not in all cases absolutely perfect- The law of Unity of Type and of the Conditions of Existence embraced by the theory of Natural Selection.
Vanskeligheder, der møder os ved Antagelsen If numerous species, belonging to the same genera or families,have really started into life at once, the fact would be fatal to the theory of descent with slow modification through natural selection.
Dersom talrige Arter, der hører til de samme Slægter ellerFamilier, virkelig var styrtet ind i Livet paa engang, saa vilde en saadan Kendsgerning være farlig for en Teori, der hævder Nedstamning i Forbindelse med en af Kvalitets- valget bevirket langsom Modifikation.
