Eksempler på brug af Malik shah på Engelsk og deres oversættelser til Dansk
{-}
-
Colloquial
-
Official
-
Medicine
-
Financial
-
Ecclesiastic
-
Official/political
-
Computer
Two years later, in 467(1074), Malik Shah restored Kirman to Qara Arslan's son Rukn al-Dawla Sultan Shah. .
The last Salduqid malika(Queen) of Erzurum was Nasir al-Din's sister, Mama Khatun, butshe was overthrown by her own nephew, Malik Shah.
In addition, events that took place in the later years of Malik Shah's reign showed that the Saljuq empire was not unassailable.
After the death of Malik Shah in 485 H(1092 AD), the Saljuqs were rocked by dissent until Sanjar decided to split the state in 511 1117.
He suggested that he should retire to Oman, buton the advice of the vizier Nizam al-Mulk, Malik Shah told him to return to Kirman.
Sanjar, another of Malik Shah's many sons, was both the longest-lived and the last of all the Great Saljuq rulers.
Qara Arslan was forgiven, but the overlordship of Alp Arslan still rankled, and after the latter's death in 465(1072)he challenged Malik Shah's succession to the Saljuq leadership.
The third Great Saljuq ruler, Malik Shah ibn Alp Arslan, continued with the triumphs of his father, and sometimes surpassed them.
However, the rival party, made up of Nizam al-Mulk's former supporters, seized armaments that he had stored in Isfahan, and took them to al-Rayy,where the twelve year old Barkiyaruq ibn Malik Shah was recognized as ruler.
Later, under Malik Shah's son Barkiyaruq, Qutlugh Beg added his own title of honour, Fakhr al-Dawla("Glory of the State"), to the legends on his coins.
It is a coin of a previously unknown type in the name of both Malik Shah and his governor of Shiraz, Fakhr al-Muluk Qutlugh Beg, one of Nizam al-Mulk's many sons.
Malik Shah also saw himself as a champion of Sunni Islam, and did all he could to prevent the Shi'ite Fatimids from expanding their power.
Not only was there rivalry among the sons of Malik Shah and their supporters, but Nizam al-Mulk's many sons also took opposite sides in the conflict.
Malik Shah then went to Baghdad, partly to protest against his daughter's treatment, but also because he was thinking of making Baghdad his winter capital.
At first glance this coin, struck in Shiraz,would appear to emphasise Malik Shah's Sunni beliefs, because it resembles a dinar of the first period Abbasids struck in Egypt during the reign of al-Ma'mun.
Near the end of his reign, in 487(1094), Turanshah marched into the neighbouring province of Fars to confront the military commander Ibrahim Inal,who had been sent by Malik Shah's powerful widow, Terken Khatun, to wrest the province away from him.
After Qilij Arslan abdicated Malik Shah took control of Konya and the treasury, despite the fact that Kaykhusraw was Qilij Arslan's chosen successor.
I am the eldest brother, andyou are a youthful son; I have a greater right to my brother Alp Arslan's inheritance," he said, to which Malik Shah replied that the inheritance should go from father to son, and challenged Qara Arslan to a fight.
The reigns of Alp Arslan and his son Malik Shah saw the high point of the Great Saljuq sultanate, when they were at their most powerful and controlled huge territories.
However, when Malik Shah's forces grew restive and inclined to support Qara Arslan, he was strangled with a bowstring, probably to avoid the shedding of royal blood.
Finally Qilij Arslan, who had been taken prisoner in Konya by one of his sons,Qutb al-Din Malik Shah, begged Kaykhusraw to rescue him. Kaykhusraw took his father to his appanage on the border with Byzantium where the old man died in 588(1192), having tried unsuccessfully to restore harmony among his sons.
When the Malik Shah determined to reform the calendar, Omar was one of the eight learned men employed to do it, the result was the Jalali era(so called from Jalal-ud-din, one of the king's names)-'a computation of time,' says Gibbon,'which surpasses the Julian, and approaches the accuracy of the Gregorian style.
In the event he did not need to, because Malik Shah left Baghdad in Rabi' I 485(March 1092), taking Abu'l-Fadl Ja'far with him, but was assassinated.
In 598 H(1202 AD) Malik Shah was captured and imprisoned by the Rum Saljuq ruler Rukn al-Din Sulayman Shah, who seized his lands and thus brought Salduqid rule to an end.
He suggested that he should retire to Oman, buton the advice of the vizier Nizam al-Mulk, Malik Shah told him to return to Kirman. However, when Malik Shah's forces grew restive and inclined to support Qara Arslan, he was strangled with a bowstring, probably to avoid the shedding of royal blood.
Apart from a short conflict with Malik Shah, who doubted his loyalty, Turanshah's was a peaceful reign, and under him Kirman appears to have continued to be a happy and prosperous land.
After his father's abdication Qutb al-Din Malik Shah had taken control in Konya, and tried to take the territories allotted to his brothers in an effort to restore central power.
Between 491 and 498(1098-1105) Barkiyaruq andMuhammad ibn Malik Shah, waged a seesaw struggle between themselves, which resulted in one brother and then the other being named on the coinage of Madinat al-Salam.
The Saljuq rulers Tughril Beg,Alp Arslan and Malik Shah had all done their best to to prevent the Fatimids, with their Shi'ite beliefs, from gaining power, and used their influence to have the Abbasid caliph acknowledged in the eastern provinces.
While most of them follow the conventions of Saljuq gold coinage, giving Malik Shah the titles al-sultan al-mu'azzam("the Mighty Sultan"), mu'izz al-din("Strengthener of the Faith") and abu'l-fath("Father of Victory"), on this piece he is stripped of his titles and is simply called Malik Shah. .