Exemplos de uso de Air stacking em Inglês e suas traduções para o Português
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Air stacking protocol.
The patient discontinued air stacking.
The air stacking technique is quite effective, and its application should be popularized in Brazil.
Her symptoms of pain anddyspnea occurring during air stacking suggest a causal connection.
In addition, we aimed to identify associations between spine deformities and the effects of air stacking.
The comparison between chest compression alone and air stacking alone revealed no statistically significant differences.
Air stacking allows the accumulation of sufficient volume in the lungs to achieve an acceptable PCF.
To our knowledge,this is the first report of pulmonary barotrauma/volutrauma caused by LVR using air stacking.
Our patient used neither a one-way valve for air stacking nor a cough-assist device for maximum lung insufflation.
Although it seems prudent to avoid LVR when patients have a history of recent pneumothorax, pulmonary emphysema, or bronchiectasis, barotrauma andvolutrauma have seldom been reported as complications of air stacking.
The PCF measurements following the use of air stacking were taken after three insufflations with a manual resuscitation bag Moriya, São Paulo.
However, we still feel that, after having weighed the pros and cons at that time in 2005,there were no reasons to withhold air stacking for deep lung insufflation in this patient.
The PCF values obtained during chest compression, after air stacking, and after the use of the combined technique were significantly higher than that obtained at baseline p< 0.001; Figure 1.
In the present study, we have shown that, in adolescents with DMD and severe restrictive lung disease,the assisted cough techniques of air stacking and chest compression both increased cough efficiency.
When PCF was measured after air stacking together with chest compression combined technique, the values were significantly higher than when either of the two techniques were applied in isolation Figure 1.
For the combined technique time point, the PCF was measured after the use of air stacking with a manual resuscitation bag followed by chest compression with MEE.
After having used air stacking uneventfully for nearly 3 years, the patient suddenly experienced a sharp pain during deep inflation one morning in June of 2008.
In patients with decreased respiratory muscle function due to neuromuscular disease orchest wall deformity, air stacking has been recommended as a method for deep lung insufflation Chart 1.
Therefore, it is relevant to investigate the effectiveness of air stacking, a technique that provides cough assistance, promoting improvement in respiratory capacity, as well as to helping reduce the risk of respiratory infections.
This is an important finding, since 160 L/min is the threshold recognized as the major risk factor for pulmonary infection. Therefore,it is important to instruct family members in the chest compression and air stacking techniques, as well as to advise them to acquire a manual resuscitation bag.
The mean PCF at baseline,during chest compression, after air stacking and after the use of the combined technique was of 171± 67, 231± 81, 225± 80, and 292± 86 L/min, respectively.
Air stacking was always performed by the same respiratory therapist, and the majority of the patients had already been using air stacking at least three times per day at home. Therefore, we do not believe that the data were adversely affected by any inappropriate application of the technique.
Using a manual resuscitator,we determined the maximum insufflation capacity MIC after air stacking from the volume delivered to the patient via a face mask connected to the pneumotachograph and the spirometer.
The objective of air stacking is to achieve the maximum insufflation capacity, or rather, the maximum volume of air that can be actively introduced into in the lungs. The maximum insufflation capacity is an indirect indicator of lung compliance.
Patients with neuromuscular disease and pulmonary restriction are at a high risk of respiratory complications when the PCF isbelow 160 L/min. In the present study, the assisted cough technique of air stacking accompanied by chest compression increased the PCF significantly in all of the patients, values remaining below 160 L/min in only one case Figure 1.
Air stacking as part of the assisted cough technique effectively achieves sufficient PCFs to improve clearance of airway secretions in patients with severe impairment of inspiratory and expiratory muscles, a fact that was also noted by Brito et al., in a study published in this issue of the Brazilian Journal of Pulmonology.
In conclusion, we found that using the techniques of chest compression and air stacking with a manual resuscitation bag in conjunction has a greater positive effect on PCF than do either of the maneuvers used in isolation.
The spirometry was performed with a KoKo Digidoser Spirometer PDS Instrumentation, Louisville, CO, USA, while the patient was seated, and standard procedures were followed. In all of the patients, the PCF was measured at four time points: at baseline;during chest compression; after air stacking with a manual resuscitation bag had been used; and when the two techniques were used together combined technique.
All pulmonary function tests were performed by the same respiratory therapist, who used a pneumotachograph and a spirometer Spirolab II; Medical International Research, Rome, Italy to measure FVC, PEF, PCF, and assisted PCF APCF,assisted by air stacking to the maximum pulmonary volume with a manual resuscitator, in randomized order and in accordance with the Brazilian Thoracic Association Guidelines for Pulmonary Function Tests.
We report the case of a chronically ventilator dependent patient who presented with severe respiratory distress almost a day after she experienced acute chest pain and dyspnea while stacking air.