COMPARATIVE Meaning in English - translations and usage examples

• comparative

Examples of using Comparative in Arabic and their translations into English

جمعية التشريع المقارن Society for Comparative Legislation
Society for Comparative Legislation.

Journal of Experimental Zoology Part A: Comparative Experimental Biology(باللغة الإنجليزية
Journal of Experimental Zoology Part A: Comparative Experimental Biology.

لجنة التحرير، مجلة Korean Journal of International and Comparative Law(1991- 2009
Editorial Committee, Korean Journal of International and Comparative Law(1991-2009).

The Icon Programming Language page on The Rosetta Code comparative programming tasks project site بوابة برمجة الحاسوب
The Icon Programming Language page on The Rosetta Code comparative programming tasks project site.

من 1991 إلى الآن عضو لجنة تحرير مجلة Korean Journal of International and Comparative Law
Now Member, Editorial Committee, Korean Journal of International and Comparative Law.

(74) Democracy Still in the Making: A World Comparative Study(جنيف، الاتحاد البرلماني الدولي، 1997) الصفحة 43 من النص الانكليزي
Democracy Still in the Making: A World Comparative Study(Geneva, Inter-Parliamentary Union, 1997), p. 43.

و( عضو منتسب وعضو المجلس اﻻستشاري)١٩٨٥- حتى اﻵن(، International and Comparative Law Center)دﻻس، تكساس
(f) Associate Member and Member of the Advisory Board(1985-present), International and comparative Law Center(Dallas, Texas).

رضاعة طبيعية* غدة مفترزة عرقية* Comparative Mammary Gland Anatomy by W. L. Hurley* On the anatomy of the breast by Sir Astley Paston Cooper(1840
(2010)"Clinically Oriented Anatomy" 6th Ed== External links ==* Comparative Mammary Gland Anatomy by W. L. Hurley* On the anatomy of the breast by Sir Astley Paston Cooper(1840).

Approche comparative de la reconnaissance et de l' exécution des sentences arbitrales étrangères dans les pays arabes(عمل يتجاوز الألف صفحة، قارب على الانتهاء
Approche comparative de la reconnaissance et de l ' exécution des sentences arbitrales étrangères dans les pays arabes(over 1,000 pages, near completion).

الأساسية، انظر المطبوعة الصادرة عن الأونكتاد بعنوان: Comparative experiences with privatization: Policy insights and lessons learned، نيويورك/جنيف، 1995
For a more detailed discussion of private sector involvement in infrastructure development, see UNCTAD, Comparative experiences with privatization: Policy insights and lessons learned. New York/Geneva, 1995.

Department of Comparative Literature اللغة التركية والادب قسم التاريخ قسم الرياضيات والحاسوب قسم الاحصاء قسم الاحياء قسم الكيمياء قسم الفيزياء
Department of Comparative Literature Department of Turkish Language and Literature Department of History Mathematics- Computer Department Statistics Department Depertmant of Biology Chemistry Department Physics Department.

وﻹجراء استعراض مقارن، انظر A Von Mehren," Contracts in General" in: International Encyclopedia of Comparative Law، المجلــد السابع، الفصل ١، الصفحات ٢٩-٤٠؛ و PDV Marsh, Comparative Contract Law
For a comparative review see A. von Mehren,“Contracts in General”, in: International Encyclopedia of Comparative Law, vol. VII, ch. 1, pp. 29- 40; P. D. V. Marsh, Comparative Contract Law.

( حكومة الوﻻيات المتحدة اﻷمريكية، وزارة التجارة، إدارة الشؤون اﻻقتصادية واﻹحصاءات، مكتب تعداد السكان Older Workers, Retirement, and Pensions: A Comparative International Chart book IPC/95-2،)واشنطن العاصمة، ١٩٩٥، الصفحة ٦
United States Government, Department of Commerce, Economics and Statistics Administration, Bureau of the Census, Older Workers, Retirement, and Pensions: A Comparative International Chart book. IPC/95-2(Washington, D.C., 1995), p. 6.

لﻻطﻻع على عرض عام للموضوع، انظر Palmer," A comparative study(from a Common Law Perspective) of the French action for wrongful interference with contract"(1992) 40 American Journal of Comparative Law 297
French law For a useful overview see V. Palmer,“A comparative study(from a Common law perspective) of the French action for wrongful interference with contract”(1992) 40 Am J Comp L 297.

وانظر أيضا حسين البحارنة،" The Factfinding Mission of the UN Secretary- General and the Settlement of the Bahrain-Iran Dispute, May 1970", International and Comparative Law Quarterly ١٩٧٣، الصفحات ٥٤١-٥٥٢
See also Husain Al-Baharna,“The Fact-finding Mission of the UN Secretary-General and the Settlement of the Bahrain-Iran Dispute, May 1970”, International and Comparative Law Quarterly(1973), pp. 541-552.

The Effects of War on Treaties, Proposed Study of the British Institute of International and Comparative Law, متاح على شبكة الإنترنت، على العنوان التالي: http://www. areza. com/biicl/ index. asp? contentid=69(اطلع عليه في 30 أيلول/سبتمبر
The Effects of War on Treaties, Proposed Study of the British Institute of International and Comparative Law, online at http: //www. areza. com/biicl/ index. asp? contentid=69 (accessed 30 September 2004).

وتضمنت أيضاً الأنشطة ذات الصلة الشروع في إعداد النسخة المنقحة الثانية لمنشور حرية الإعلام:" دراسة استقصائية قانونية مقارنة"(Freedom of Information: A Comparative Legal Survey)، والمشروع المستمر الرامي إلى إعداد مجموعة أدوات تتعلق بحرية التعبير من أجل طلاب المدارس الثانوية
Related activities also included the launch of the second revised edition of the publication Freedom of Information: A Comparative Legal Survey, and the ongoing project to develop a freedom of expression toolkit for secondary-school students.

The concept of subjective or objective cotrol of the military in a democratic polity: A comparative analysis of what the practice is in other democracies of the world"، قدمت فــــي المعهــد النيجيــــري للدراسات السياسة واﻻستراتيجية
The concept of subjective or objective control of the military in a democratic polity: A comparative analysis of what the practice is in other democracies of the world", delivered at the Nigerian Institute for Policy and Strategic Studies.

وفي التقرير المعنون الخدمات النقدية المتنقلة لتطوير الأعمال التجارية في جماعة شرق أفريقيا: دراسـة مقارنـة للبرامج واللوائح القائمةMobile Money for Business Development in the East African Community: A Comparative Study of Existing Platforms and Regulations، ينصب التركيز على جماعة شرق أفريقيا كسبيل لمعالجة القضايا الأوسع التي تثيرها الخدمات النقدية المنقولة
The report Mobile Money for Business Development in the East African Community: A Comparative Study of Existing Platforms and Regulations focuses on the EAC as a way of addressing wider issues raised by mobile money.

وطور مفهوم" وضع اليد" فيما يتعلق بالحيازة التقليدية لﻷراضي للتوفيق بين فكرة" العهدة المشتركة" في القانون العرفي و" الملكية التامة المطلقة"، وقد وردت القضايا التي تنطوي على بعض هذه المبادئ موجزة في:" اﻷصالة- تطور القانون في أوغندا" ١٩٨٣" Autochthony- The Development of Law in Uganda"(1983) 5 New York Law School Journal of International and Comparative Law, No.5(1983) P. 1
Developed the concept of the right of" occupancy" in respect of traditional land tenure to reconcile the idea of the common trust in customary law and the fee simple absolute. The cases in which some of these principles have been incorporated are summarized in:" Autochthony- The development of law in Uganda" New York Law School Journal of International and Comparative Law, No. 5(1983), p. 1.

مقال معنون" The Commonwealth Scheme for the Rendition of Fugitive Offenders- A Critical Appraisal of Some Essential Elements", 33, International and Comparative Law Quarterly, 613(1984)؛ قدم بصيغة معدلة في مؤتمر الكمنولث الثامن للقانون، 1986
Article entitled" The Commonwealth Scheme for the Rendition of Fugitive Offenders-- A Critical Appraisal of Some Essential Elements", 33, International and Comparative Law Quarterly, 613(1984); presented in a modified form at the eighth Commonwealth Law Conference, 1986.

وكما جاء في بعض الكتابات، فإن" هذا المسألة الأساسية المتمثلة في رفض الاعتراف بأي تحفظات قديمة قدم منظمة العمل الدولية نفسها(انظر: W. P. Gormly," The Modification of Multilateral Conventions by Means of Negotiated Reservations and Other Alternatives: A Comparative Study of the ILO and Council of Europe", 39 Fordham Law Review, 1970, p. 65
As has been written,'this basic proposition of refusing to recognize any reservations is as old as ILO itself ' (see W. P. Gormley,'The Modification of Multilateral Conventions by Means of Negotiated Reservations and Other Alternatives: A Comparative Study of the ILO and Council of Europe ', Fordham Law Review, 1970, p. 65).

ومن أبدع منشوراته بالبولندية ما يلي: Model Polish law of Petty Offences(1974); Criminal Policy in Poland(ed.)(1990); Prohibition of torture and other inhuman treatment(1991); Conditional Sentence in Polish Law, A Comparative Analysis(1992); International Standards of Criminal Justice and Polish and Future Law(ed.)(1995
Most remarkable publications(in Polish): Model Polish Law of Petty Offences(1974); Criminal policy in Poland(ed.)(1990); Prohibition of torture and other inhuman treatment(1991); Conditional sentence in Polish law, a comparative analysis(1992); International standards of criminal justice and Polish present and future criminal law(ed.)(1995).

ولئن كانت جوانب نموذج الخصومة قد لقيت زخما في بعض البلدان العاملة بالقانون المدني، فإن هناك مناقشة نشطة تجري في بعض البلدان العاملة بالقانون العام بشأن مزايا وجود قاضي تحقيق في إجراءات التمهيد للمحاكمة لأغراض منها تحري الحقيقة الموضوعية.(انظر Hatcher, Huber and Vogler, Comparative Criminal Law Procedure, The British Institute of International and Comparative Law, London, 1996
While aspects of the adversarial model have received impetus in some civil law countries, there is active discussion in some common law jurisdictions of the advantages of an examining magistrate in pre-trial proceedings for the purpose, inter alia, of inquiring into the objective truth(see Hatcher, Huber and Vogler, Comparative Criminal Law Procedure, The British Institute of International and Comparative Law(London, 1996)).

ولﻹطﻻع على دراسة تُدخل عن قصد الغمــوض الذي يجــري كشفـــه هنــا، انظـــر v. W. Paul Gormley," The Modification of Multilateral Conventions by Means of' Negotiated Reservations' and Other' Alternatives': A Comparative Study of the. ILO and Council of Europe", Fordham Law Review, 1970-1971, p. 59-80 et 413-446
For a study which(deliberately) adds to the confusion complained of here, see W. Paul Gormley,“The Modification of Multilateral Conventions by Means of‘Negotiated Reservations' and Other‘Alternatives': A Comparative Study of the ILO and the Council of Europe”, Fordham Law Review 1970- 1971, pp. 59- 80 and 413- 446.

ملحوظة: بسبب شدة محدودية البيانات المبلغ عنها من البلدان الأفريقية، استُخدم المصدر التالي: L. Degenhardt and others," Illicit drug use", in Comparative Quantification of Health Risks: Global and Regional Burden of Disease Attributable to Selected Major Risk Factors, vol. 1, M. Ezzati and others, eds.(Geneva, World Health Organization, 2004
Note: Because of very limited reporting of data from countries in Africa, the source of the information used is L. Degenhardt and others," Illicit drug use", in Comparative Quantification of Health Risks: Global and Regional Burden of Disease Attributable to Selected Major Risk Factors, vol. 1, M. Ezzati and others, eds.(Geneva, World Health Organization, 2004).

المصادر: الاستبيانات الخاصة بالتقارير السنوية التابعة لمكتب الأمم المتحدة المعني بالمخدِّرات والجريمة؛ لجنة البلدان الأمريكية لمكافحة تعاطي المخدِّرات؛ المركز الأوروبي لرصد المخدِّرات وإدمانها؛ Louisa Degenhardt and others," Illicit drug use", in Comparative Quantification of Health Risks: Global and Regional Burden of Disease Attributable to Selected Major Risk Factors, vol. 1, chapter 13, Majid Ezaati and others, eds.(Geneva, World Health Organization, 2004
Highest estimate Highest estimate Sources: UNODC, annual report questionnaires; Inter-American Drug Abuse Control Commission; European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction; Louisa Degenhardt and others," Illicit drug use", in Comparative Quantification of Health Risks: Global and Regional Burden of Disease Attributable to Selected Major Risk Factors, vol. 1, chapter 13, Majid Ezaati and others, eds.(Geneva, World Health Organization, 2004).

(د) انظر Carolien van der Voorden and Andy Peal, Public Funding for Sanitation: The Many Faces of Sanitation Subsidies(Geneva, Water Supply and Sanitation Collaborative Council, 2009); and Sophie Trémolet, Pete Kolsky and Eddy Perez, Financing On-site Sanitation for the Poor: A Six Country Comparative Review and Analysis(واشنطن العاصمة، برنامج المياه الصرف الصحي التابع للبنك الدولي، كانون الثاني/يناير 2010
D See Carolien van der Voorden and Andy Peal, Public Funding for Sanitation: The Many Faces of Sanitation Subsidies(Geneva, Water Supply and Sanitation Collaborative Council, 2009); and Sophie Trémolet, Pete Kolsky and Eddy Perez, Financing On-site Sanitation for the Poor: A Six Country Comparative Review and Analysis(Washington, D.C., World Bank Water and Sanitation Programme, January 2010).

ودرجة انتشار الأمراض المعدية الرئيسية مرتفعة للغاية، الأمر الذي أدى إلى زيادة كلية في معدلات الاعتلال والوفيات التي أصبحت جزءا من النمط المتوطن للحالة الصحية الحرجة.(Susan Hamid," The ramification of economic sanctions on the health service system: a comparative study of the Sudanese health service system before and after economic sanctions", unpublished Masters thesis, Oslo and Akershus University College of Applied Sciences, Faculty of Social Sciences, 2013
The degree of major infectious diseases is very high, leading to an overall increase in morbidity and mortality rates that has become part of the endemic pattern of the precarious health situation.(Susan Hamid," The ramification of economic sanctions on the health service system: a comparative study of the Sudanese health service system before and after economic sanctions", unpublished Master ' s thesis, Oslo and Akershus University College of Applied Sciences, Faculty of Social Sciences, 2013.).