What is the translation of " ABSTRACT CLASSES " in Chinese?

• 抽象类

Examples of using Abstract classes in English and their translations into Chinese

Using Mockito to test abstract classes.
使用Mockito测试抽象类».

Abstract classes and abstract methods.
Abstract抽象类和抽象方法.

All about abstract classes.
您举报文章：Allaboutabstractclasses.

So when to use interfaces and when to use abstract classes?
那么什么时候使用抽象类,什么时候使用接口呢?

When to use abstract classes over interfaces?
什么时候使用抽象类abstract，什么时候用接口interface?

Note that many software libraries use both abstract classes and interfaces;
请注意，许多软件库都使用抽象类和接口;

Abstract classes may also provide members that have already been implemented.
抽象类还可能提供已实现的成员。

This is typically how abstract classes come about during the design phase.
这通常是在设计阶段的抽象类是怎么来的。

Here's the orchestra example modified to use abstract classes and methods:.
下面是我们修改过的“管弦”乐器例子，其中采用了抽象类以及方法：.

Abstract classes are a core feature of many object-oriented languages, such as Java.
抽象类是许多面向对象语言的核心特性，例如Java。

Apart from CORBA, classes and interfaces support inheritance and abstract classes.
不同于CORBA，这里的类和接口还支持继承和抽象类。

As another example, you don't have abstract classes, you have to use decorators to achieve that behavior.
举个例子，它没有抽象类，你必须使用装饰器来实现这个行为。

Target(Target) role: This is the desired interface, and the target can be concrete or abstract classes.
目标（Target）角色：这就是所期待的接口，目标可以是具体的或抽象的类。

C allows you to create abstract classes that are used to provide partial class implementation of an interface.
C允许你创建一个抽象类，被用于提供部分类的接口实现。

When a class is declared sealed, it cannot be inherited, abstract classes cannot be declared sealed.
当一个类被声明密封的，它不能被继承，抽象类不能声明密封。

Accordingly, the key abstract classes of requirements to be identified are policies, goals, and functions(see Figure 2).
因此，要找出的需求的关键抽象类别是政策、目标和功能（详见图2）。

That is, Java currently has two mechanisms for encoding the notion of an abstract data type: interfaces, and abstract classes.
Java有两种机制来定义多实现的类：接口与抽象类。

Some of the other concepts that are discussed include abstract classes, interfaces, arrays, and collections and exceptions.
讨论的一些其他概念包括抽象类，接口，数组以及集合和异常。

The Stable Abstractions principle": This says that"the more stable a class is, the more it must consist of abstract classes.".
稳定抽象原则”：这是说”类越稳定，越应该由抽象类组成”;

To achieve this, we need to use interfaces and abstract classes, which we will mention later in the specific design.
想要达到这样的效果，我们需要使用接口和抽象类，后面的具体设计中我们会提到这点。

Therefore, classes derived from the abstract class must implement all its pure virtual functions, otherwise they will also be abstract classes.
因此，从抽象类派生的类必须实现其所有的纯虚函数，否则它们也将是抽象类。

New features included multiple inheritance, abstract classes, static member functions, const member functions, and protected members.
引入了多重继承、抽象类别、静态成员函数、常量成员函数，以及成员保护。

Abstract classes should be used primarily for objects that are closely related, whereas interfaces are best suited for providing common functionality to unrelated classes..
抽象类主要用于关系密切的对象；而接口适合为不相关的类提供通用功能。

In 1989 C++ 2.0 was released, and included features such as multiple inheritance, abstract classes, static and const member functions and protected members.
年，C++2.0版发布，加入了多重继承、抽象类、静态成员、常量成员函数等概念。

Although abstract classes cannot be instantiated directly, they can serve as base classes for other classes that provide the missing implementation.
抽象类虽然无法直接实例化，但可以用作其他类的基类，由其他类提供缺少的实现。

And then it went through some major updates like- multiple inheritances, abstract classes, static member functions, constant member functions, and protected member functions.
它引入了多重继承、抽象类、静态成员函数、常数成员函数及成员保护等新特性。

Abstract classes should be used primarily for objects that are closely related, whereas interfaces are best suited for providing common functionality to unrelated classes..
抽象类应保养用以关系密切的对象，而接口最符合为不相干的类提供通用的成效。

The C++ interfaces are implemented using abstract classes and these abstract classes should not be confused with data abstraction which is a concept of keeping.
C++接口使用抽象类来实现并且这些抽象类不应与数据抽象这是保持实现细节分离相关的数据的概念混淆。

Abstract classes and virtual members grant to C++ the polymorphic characteristics that make object-oriented programming a so useful instrument.
抽象类和虚拟成员赋予了C++多态(polymorphic)的特征，使得面向对象的编程object-orientedprogramming成为一个有用的工具。