Examples of using Liner code in English and their translations into Hungarian
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Colloquial
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Official
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Medicine
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Ecclesiastic
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Financial
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Programming
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Official/political
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Computer
Moreover, EU Member States will have to denounce the Liner Code.
Therefore, the Liner Code is the basic legal instrument governing the liner trades worldwide.
Three out of the four regulations are based on the Liner Code and make direct reference to it.
The Liner Code has been ratified by fourteen EU Member States and several major trading partners of the EU as well as LDC's.
Nevertheless, liner conferences regulated internationally by the UNCTAD Liner Code still exist.
If the Liner Code is abolished, the most probable outcome for the developing countries would be to turn to unilateral cargo reservation schemes.
For instance, conferences exist between EU/South America and EU/West Africa and the Liner Code is applicable to them.
The UNCTAD Liner Code and the liner conference concept are mentioned in the acquis communautaire and in other legal instruments adopted by the EU.
The Regulation makes express reference to Regulation 954/79 and to the UNCTAD Liner Code; its recitals are revealing in that respect.
The EESC believes that the key question to be addressed is whether the proposed repeal of Regulation 954/79 would alsoentails a legal obligation to denounce the UNCTAD Liner Code.
Fourteen EU Member States and Norway have signed oracceded to the Liner Code: if Regulation 4056/86 is repealed they will have to denounce the Code.
Regulation 4056/86 and Regulation 954/79 constitute a legal package with the latterbeing adopted due to the ratification of the UNCTAD Liner Code by certain EU Member States.
The UNCTAD Liner Code was adopted to meet the legitimate aspirations of developing countries for greater participation of their carriers in the transportation of liner cargoes.
In this respect, the liner shipping interests of EU carriers operating between other continents(where the Liner Code is applicable) should not be underestimated.
It is notable that the UNCTAD Liner Code has been ratified by 81 countries including the new locomotives of world trade(i.e. China, India, Russia and Brazil) as well as Australia, Canada, Japan, Nigeria, Mexico, Indonesia, Saudi Arabia and Singapore.
Finally, in the ongoing WTO negotiations on services"offers" between the EU andother countries were based on the understanding that the Liner Code is an applicable instrument.
It is also noteworthy that the UNCTAD Liner Code is ratified by 81 countries including the new"locomotives" of world trade, i.e., China, India, Russia and Brazil(BRICS) as well as Indonesia, Mexico, Nigeria, Saudi Arabia, Australia, Canada, Japan and Singapore.
Regulation 954/79 deals with the accession to or ratification by Member States of the United Nations Convention on a Code of Conduct for Liner Conferences-hereinafter referred to as the UNCTAD Liner Code or the Code. .
Member States having ratified or acceded to the UNCTAD Liner Code include: Belgium, Bulgaria, Czech Republic, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Italy, Malta, Netherlands, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Spain, Sweden and the United Kingdom.
The Explanatory Memorandum ignores the economic consequences for developing countries in codist trades,where according to the UNCTAD Liner Code these countries have the right to transport 40% of their liner conference trade.
Consequently, if a Member State whichis not a Contracting Party to the UNCTAD Liner Code would wish to accede thereto with an aim at safeguarding the interests of its liner carriers operating in non EU trades, this Member State would thus be precluded from doing so.
The Europe Agreements(most of which are now redundant following the 2004 enlargement)provided a standard clause referring to the principles of the Liner Code and the liner conferences as the basic yardsticks to be followed in the liner trades.
The Liner Code provided the cargo sharing formula of 40%-40% in the transportation of liner cargoes between carriers of exporter and importer countries leaving 20% of liner cargoes controlled by liner conferences to carriers of third countries.
The EESC maintains that irrespective of their shortcomings and outdating, the Liner Code(and the conference system consecrated by it) remain the cornerstones of the 1986 package of four maritime Regulations constituting phase I of the EU common shipping policy.
In the meantime, the Liner Code, as the basic international instrument governing liner shipping between developed and developing countries, and the liner conference system, as the basic international system for coordination of liner activities, have been consecrated in several legal instruments adopted by the EU.
Therefore, until another system be agreed internationally to replace the Liner Code and until a coordination between various jurisdictions takes place regarding the replacement of the liner conference system in the regulatory field, it proposes to repeal Regulation 4056/86 by introducing a new Commission Regulation.
Regarding the current status of ratifications of the Liner Code, the EESC notes that the Eplanatory Memorandum to the Commission proposal to repeal Regulation 954/79 refers to thirteen EU Member States as Contracting Parties to the UNCTAD Liner Code, whilst- in reality- sixteen EU Member States are Contracting Parties to the Code following ratification by Romania, Bulgaria and Malta.
The UNCTAD Code of Conduct for Liner Conferences was originally devised to regulate the liner conference system in trades between developed and developing countries3.
Fourteen Member States have made use of the option set out in Council Regulation 954/79 andhave ratified the UNCTAD Code of Conduct for Liner conferences.
Liner cargoes in Code trades, except where such action is taken in accordance with the United Nations Convention on a Code of Conduct for Liner Conferences;