Examples of using Balti in English and their translations into Malay
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Colloquial
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Ecclesiastic
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Computer
Distance Balti- Cahul.
No prose literature except proverb collections have been found written in Balti.
Buckingham Balti House.
Many sounds of Old Tibetan that werelost in Standard Tibetan are retained in the Balti language.
Distance Balti- Tiraspol.
Abadi translated the Quran into Balti in 1995.
In Balti, consonants ka, ra are represented by reversing the letters ཀ ར(ka, ra) to give ཫ ཬ(ka, ra).
Since Pakistan gained control of the region in 1948,Urdu words have been introduced into local dialects and languages, including Balti.
Now, Balti is spoken in the whole of Baltistan in the northern Pakistan and some parts of Northern India in Jammu and Kashmir.
Even if the script is revived, it would need modification to express certainUrdu phonemes that occur in common loanwords within Balti.
Tournadre(2005)[5] considers Balti, Ladakhi, and Purgi to be distinct languages because they do not have mutual intelligibility.
In 1985, Abadi added four new letters to the Tibetan script andseven new letters to the Persian script to adapt both of them according to the need of Balti language.
Since then, Persian script replaced the Tibetan script,but the former had no letters for seven Balti sounds and was in vogue in spite of the fact that it was defective.
The Tibetan alphabet is an abugida used to write the Tibetic languages such as Tibetan, as well as Dzongkha, Sikkimese, Ladakhi,and sometimes Balti.
Balti people are settled on both banks of the Indus River from Kargil district in the east to Haramosh Peak in the west and from the Karakoram in the north to Deosai National Park in the south.
Nearly all the languages and dialects of the mountain region in the north of Pakistan such as Pashto,Khowar and Shina are Indo-Aryan or Iranic languages, but Balti is one of the Sino-Tibetan languages.
In modern times, Balti has no native names or vocabulary for dozens of newly invented and introduced things; instead, Urdu and English words are being used in Balti.
If those not living in the Tibet Autonomous Region are not excluded,ethnic groups such as the Balti and Burig, who are also of Tibetan origin and consider themselves to be ethnically Tibetan, are Muslims as well.
The main script for writing Balti is the local adaptation of the Tibetan alphabet which is called yige in baltiyul baltistan, but it is often written in the Persian alphabet, especially within Pakistan.
In the twin districts of Ladakh region(Kargil& Leh) it is spoken in Kargil city and its surrounding villages like Hardass, Lato,Karkitchhoo and Balti Bazar, and in Leh- Turtuk, Bogdang, Tyakshi including Leh city and nearby villages.
Proselytisation of Islam first took place in Baltistan and the Suru Valley from the 14th to the 16th centuries,which converted the vast majority of the Tibetan Burig and Balti communities.
Following a request from this community, the September 2006 Tokyo meeting of ISO/IEC 10646 WG2 agreed to encode two characters which are invented by Abadi(U+0F6B TIBETAN LETTER KKA and TIBETAN U+0F6C LETTER RRA) in the ISO 10646 and Unicodestandards in order to support rendering Urdu loanwords present in modern Balti using the Yige alphabet.
To develop Balti, local intellectuals like Yusuf Hussain Abadi have worked on the language, rediscovering the history and reviving the Tibetan script in Baltistan after six centuries(1980).
The Tibetan alphabet,when used to write other languages such as Balti and Sanskrit, often has additional and/or modified graphemes taken from the basic Tibetan alphabet to represent different sounds.
Balti(Tibetan: སྦལ་ཏི།, Wylie: bal ti skad; Nastaʿlīq script: بلتی) is a Tibetic language spoken in the Baltistan region of Gilgit-Baltistan, Pakistan, the Nubra Valley of Leh district, and in the Kargil district of Jammu and Kashmir, India.[3] It is quite different from Standard Tibetan.
The predominant writing system currently in use for Balti is the Perso-Arabic script, although there have been attempts to revive the Tibetan script, which was used between the 8th and the 16th centuries.[7].
However, Balti is spoken by people living in Baltistan(Pakistan), different parts of the states of northern India like Dehradun, Masoorie, Kalsigate, Chakrotta, Ambadi in Uttrakhand and parts of Jammu and Kashmir like Jammu and Ramban in Jammu region, Hariparbat, Dalgate and Tral in Kashmir region.
During the Maqpon dynasty(from the twelfth century to 1840), the Balti invaded Ladakh and Tibet in the east and Gilgit and Chitral many times, thus making these people acknowledge the martial abilities of the Balti.
Recently, a number of Balti scholars and social activists have attempted to promote the use of the Tibetan Balti or"Yige" alphabet with the aim of helping to preserve indigenous Balti and Ladakhi culture and ethnic identity.
The major issue facing the development of Balti literature is its centuries-long isolation from Tibet, owing to political divisions and strong religious differences and even from its immediate neighbor Ladakh for the last 50 years.