Examples of using Adjustment for confounding variables in English and their translations into Portuguese
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Most of these studies performed adjustment for confounding variables.
After adjustment for confounding variables, upward social mobility was associated only with sedentary behavior p 0.02.
Another advantage was the use of a multilevel model and adjustment for confounding variables, enabling the estimation of pollution effects on lung function.
After adjustment for confounding variables, 13.3% of MVHA versus 11.0% of MNVHA reported induced abortion in their lifetime p> 0.05.
The independent variables perceived stress level, alcohol consumption and physical inactivity were still associated with overweight after adjustment for confounding variables.
After adjustment for confounding variables, the association between study period and overweight and obesity could no longer be detected.
Use other analytical methods such as survival analysis, adjustment for confounding variables and precision intervals such as 95% confidence intervals.
After adjustment for confounding variables, mothers who had not been breastfed presented a relative risk of 1.34(95% CI: 0.35; 5.18) of not breastfeeding their children, compared to mothers who were ever breastfed.
On the subsequent levels,variables that continued to be associated with drug use, after adjustment for confounding variables in the same block and those hierarchically higher, remained in the model.
After adjustment for confounding variables, genu valgum was seen to be associated with age and BMI, with prevalence in the obese group that was 40% 95% CI: 1.22 -1.60 greater than among the eutrophic individuals.
The exploratory variables that presented a value of p< 0.20 in the bivariate analysis were included in the multivariate model, and those with p<0.20 were maintained in the final model, as an adjustment for confounding variables.
In Table 3, the relationship of the HW phenotype with cardiometabolic risk factors andliver enzymes is presented after adjustment for confounding variables, such as gender, socio-economic status, parental education level, family history of chronic diseases, sedentary life style, and BMI.
Health status indicators worse health perception reported by the mother and interruption of activities/school absence due to health problems in the last two weeks showed positive andsignificant association in the non-adjusted model and after adjustment for confounding variables.
The results presented in preschool children in southern Brazil add consistency to the evidence of the inverse relationship between night sleep duration and BMI, and adjustment for confounding variables suggest that this association occurs not only by the influence of sleep on food intake and physical activity patterns but by independent metabolic influences.
It is noteworthy that this study presents certain limitations for using a convenience sample, in which differences not statistically significant may be due to the lack of statistical power of the sample,besides the fact that we did not use a multivariate model, with adjustment for confounding variables.
Adjustment for confounding variables, such as exclusion of older adults that required caretaker assistance to answer the questionnaire, had cognitive deficits or were gravely ill, can underestimate selection bias, prevalence of hospitalization and incapacity in the study population.
Initially, there was no significant difference between prevalence rates of overweight and obesity based on location of residence.However after adjustment for confounding variables, location of residence was associated with obesity.
Studies that excluded malformations and made adjustments for confounding variables;
These authors included only low-risk pregnancies,excluded malformations, and performed adjustments for confounding variables.
The association between a self-reported history of tuberculosis and the presence of airflow obstruction remained unchanged even after adjustments for confounding variables adjusted OR 2.33; 95% CI: 1.50-3.62.
Parameters such as the type of intervention or observation, length of follow-up, instrument utilized for measuring depression, sample size,losses during follow-up, and adjustments for confounding variables were analyzed.
After adjustment for the confounding variables, the APMT was associated with gender, AMC, CAMA, and BMI.
In men, after adjustment for potential confounding variables, clinical risk factors with significant association are listed in Table 6.
As to the care adopted in the analysis of results,nine studies carried out univariate analyses, without adjustment for potential confounding variables.
Adjustment for potential confounding variables variables significantly associated with the dependent variable in the bivariate analysis was performed using the multivariate logistic regression technique"step by step.
After adjustment for these confounding variables by analysis of covariance, common carotid IMT in the forth quartile> 0.8 mm remained a significant predictor of E'/A' ratio p 0.02.
Expected results: we expected with this study to achieve sufficient sample size to examine the association of DM and HNC with adjustments for confounding variables.
Tables 4 and 5 describe the results from the multivariate analysis, i.e. associations between the variables of outcome andeach factor investigated, after adjustment for potential confounding variables, within each area studied.
This approach presents some advantages, such as keeping the adjustment for potentially confounding variables and avoiding adjustment for possibly mediating variables of the studied process20 20.