Examples of using Initialization vector in English and their translations into Portuguese
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Colloquial
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Official
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Medicine
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Financial
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Ecclesiastic
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Ecclesiastic
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Computer
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Official/political
They can also be useful as initialization vectors and in cryptographic hash functions.
Often, the length is declared as 64 bits or 128 bits,depending on whether the 24 bits of the initialization vector are included.
To make each message unique, an initialization vector must be used in the first block.
To calculate the CBC-MAC of message formula_1 one encrypts formula_1 in CBC mode with zero initialization vector.
In the WPA in the initialization vector has 48 bits, which makes it virtually impossible to reuse vectors.
To calculate the CBC-MAC of message m one encrypts m in CBC mode with zero initialization vector.
We use this key, along with an initialization vector, to encrypt your data in CBC(Cipher Block Chaining) mode.
Conversely, MAC algorithms are designed to produce matching MACs only if the same message,secret key and initialization vector are input to the same algorithm.
This new attack, named'PTW',decreases the number of initialization vectors or IVs needed to decrypt a WEP key and has been included in the aircrack-ng suite since the 0.9 release.
The general concept is to use randomization of the plaintext data based on an additional input value,frequently called an initialization vector, to create what is termed probabilistic encryption.
In cryptography, an initialization vector(IV) or starting variable(SV) is a fixed-size input to a cryptographic primitive that is typically required to be random or pseudorandom.
The resultant ciphertext block is then used as the new initialization vector for the next plaintext block.
The Initialization Vector or IV algorithm is used in cryptography to ensure that applying the cipher on the same clear text data with the same key always produces a unique cipher text.
When using PBE keys,if Bouncy Castle is expecting an initialization vector(IV) and your app doesn't supply one, you receive a warning.
IV algorithm: xts-plain64 The Initialization Vector or IV algorithm is used in cryptography to ensure that applying the cipher on the same clear text data with the same key always produces a unique cipher text.
A tool like Airodump did that very well, andin real time the number of(IV) initialization vectors that may help another(Aircrack) tool to discover your key.
In the popular cipher block chaining(CBC) mode,for encryption to be secure the initialization vector passed along with the plaintext message must be a random or pseudo-random value, which is added in an exclusive-or manner to the first plaintext block before it is being encrypted.
In the cipher feedback(CFB) mode,which emulates a self-synchronizing stream cipher, the initialization vector is first encrypted and then added to the plaintext block.
The output feedback(OFB)mode repeatedly encrypts the initialization vector to create a key stream for the emulation of a synchronous stream cipher.
The newer counter(CTR) mode similarly creates a key stream, but has the advantage of only needing unique and not(pseudo-)random values as initialization vectors; the needed randomness is derived internally by using the initialization vector as a block counter and encrypting this counter for each block.