Examples of using Null object in English and their translations into Portuguese
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Colloquial
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Official
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Medicine
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Financial
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Ecclesiastic
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Ecclesiastic
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Computer
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Official/political
If no subsection intersects the range or the element, a null object is returned, You can pass in targetObj.
The change of the brazilian portuguese syntax has been driven, among other factors,by the expansion of the null object.
In this dissertation, i develop a sociolinguistic study on the use of the null object in urban spoken portuguese in order to observe the factors that condition such use.
If the command is executed on a 4D application that does not use locally a license(e.g. 4D remote),the command returns a Null object.
The purpose of this dissertation is to provide an analysis of the null object in brazilian portuguese from the perspective of semantic and pragmatic features of the previous dp determiner phrase.
Menuzzi e creus(2004) propose another possibility to the conditioner of the resumed anaphors of the null object: the semantic genre of the previous dp.
The choice of using the full pronoun or null object is not random, before, this choice is made by the influence of semantic features(and maybe discourse features) associated with the referent for the pronominal anaphor.
Bp and english set different parameters for ado:bp allows for null objects whereas english does not.
In the traditional perspective of"uniformity of treatment", the original accusative pronoun of 2nd person would be only the clitic te, however, other strategies are also possible in brazilian portuguese, as the pronoun você, the clitics lhe ando/a and even the null object ø.
In spanish,[+specific] antecedents should be expressed by a clitic, while null objects would be restricted to[-specific;-definite] antecedents campos, 1986a, b; fernández soriano, 1999.
For research, far-there will be an analysis of the embodiments of the anaphoric direct object: clitic accusative, anaphoric noun phrase,lexical and pronoun null object or empty category.
For the representation of the second person accusative, for example, it is possible to find the concurrence among, at least, five forms:o/a/te/lhe/você and the null object; to express the dative, besides the clitics lhe and te, strategies with prepositions stand out- para/a ti, para/a você- and the null(neutral) object. .
The pragmatic feature of¿specificity¿appears with it, such as in studies of cyrino(1997),considered to be the starting point to the development of researches about the null object in brazilian portuguese.
We present a little of community history in study, characterizing the locus, the corpus,the dependent variables(accusative clitic, null object, tonic pronoun and noun phrase) and the social factors conditioners at the variation, independent variables. the results obtained show us the importance of internal factors to linguistic system, by example, the trace semantic of antecedent, so as.
In this work, we investigate the different achievements of dative complement that can manifest itself, in the 2nd person, through the clitics te and lhe, the prepositional phrases a ti, para ti, a você,para você, and the null object without phonetic achievement.
The literature showsthat features of animacy, specificity, definiteness and semantic gender condition the use of full pronouns and null objects in brazilian portuguese and this is what we investigate in our work.
At the level of formulas and types, the correspondence says that implication behaves the same as a function type, conjunction as a"product" type(this may be called a tuple, a struct, a list, or some other term depending on the language), disjunction as a sum type(this type may be called a union), the false formula as the empty type andthe true formula as the singleton type whose sole member is the null object.
In this work, we investigated the frequency of variants used to represent the direct object anaphoric 3rd person, which were the accusative clitic, the noun phrase,the tonic pronoun him/ her, the demonstrative pronoun and the null object in order to show that variable accomplishment of such add-on is quite systematic in the portuguese language syntax.
Departed of the general hypothesis that the age of the elderly and the level of higher education would favor the use of standard variant clitic accusative and therefore the age of the youngest andlowest education level would provide the use of variants nonstandard sn anaphoric, null object or lexical pronoun and empty category.
As with other varieties of brazilian portuguese, the portuguese language spoken in feira de santana has different strategic ways to represent the accusative and dative objects referring to the second person singular, competing, to represent the direct object, the accusative forms: o/a, te, lhe,você(him, her, you) and null object; and for indirect representation, the dative forms te, lhe(you), para você(for you) and null object.
According to schwenter& silva(2003), there are many researches about the syntactic status of this category, butvery little is known about how the features of the previous dp may condition the variance between the use of null objects and filled positions with overt pronouns.
If the remaining objects do not have one of the specified properties,the property value of that object is null, as represented by two consecutive commas.