Examples of using Persistent developmental in English and their translations into Portuguese
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This subgroup of stuttering was denominated as Familial Persistent Developmental Stuttering and is the most prevalent.
Therefore, familial persistent developmental stuttering is considered a disorder with complex or multifactorial pattern.
Thirty individuals participated of this research,between the age of eight to 46 years and eleven months, with persistent developmental stuttering.
The familial persistent developmental stuttering is considered a disease with standard of complex or multifactorial inheritance.
Research group RG was formed by 15 adults with persistent developmental stuttering 11 male and 4 female.
Persistent developmental stuttering: fluency assessment pre and post-treatment is the thirteenth contribution from Oliveira e Pereira.
The study group SG comprised 32 individuals 23 male and 9 female participants diagnosed with persistent developmental stuttering.
The subtype of familial persistent developmental stuttering was characterized mainly by a mild disorder, concerning severity.
Based on the pre- and post-therapeutic program assessment applied to the 10 school-age children with persistent developmental stuttering, it can be concluded that.
Familial persistent developmental stuttering: disfluencies and prevalence is the sixth contribution written by Nogueira, Oliveira, Giacheti and Moretti-Ferreira.
A total of 30 adults participated in this study, presenting familial persistent developmental stuttering, 18-53 years X 31, SD 8.9, with 20 males and 10 females.
However, the studies reviewed on the outcome of children that had developmental delay in the first years of life show persistent developmental difficulties.
Persistent developmental stuttering PDS is a speech disorder characterized by involuntary repetitions of sounds and syllables, sound prolongations and articulatory blocks.
The other review article is from Oliveira, Domingues, Juste, Andrade and Moretti-Ferreira,regarding Familial persistent developmental stuttering: genetic perspectives.
All participants 100% had family history of persistent developmental stuttering, with a variation in the percentage of stuttering-like disfluencies from 3.5 to 11.5% mean 7.00, SD 2.37 Table 1.
Noteworthy is the fact that results on the severity andfrequency of disfluency in familial persistent developmental subtype, were not found compiled in the bibliography.
One study evaluated 15 patients with persistent developmental stuttering and 15 with normal hearing and no language disorder, the authors found a poor performance on temporal ordering tests FPT and DPT- Auditec® version.
In this sense, this research conducted a quantitative andqualitative analysis in the prolongations of speech of adults with persistent developmental stuttering and adults without stuttering.
Thus, this study characterized the frequency of speech disfluencies in adults with familial persistent developmental stuttering, the severity of the disorder as well as determined the familial prevalence and gender ratio of the relatives of probands with stuttering.
Historically, there is a variety of etiological explanations for stuttering and although its origin isnot yet well understood, there is a consensus that genetic factors act in approximately half the cases of persistent developmental stuttering.
The experimental group EG consisted of 20 children diagnosed with Persistent Developmental Stuttering, with 18 males and 2 females, with mean age of 9.55 years, SD 1.14.
Specifically, on the frequency of stuttering-like disfluencies,the result obtained in this study 5.23% was lower when compared to a survey conducted comprising 22 adults with persistent developmental stuttering, speakers of American English 7.1.
Speech fluency profile:comparative analysis between the familial and sporadic persistent developmental stuttering is the twenty-fifth contribution from the authors Oliveira, Fiorin, Nogueira e Laroza.
Thus, due to the excellent and recent scientific findings in the biological scope,we look to establish a revision in regard to the probable genetic factors involved with the manifestation of the persistent developmental familial stuttering and in such a way to contribute with a better understanding.
The objective of this study was to check whether there are biological variations among individuals with familial persistent developmental stuttering(fpds) through three methods of evaluation: speech therapy, genetic and neuroimaging data.
The students whostutter EG should present: 1 diagnosis of persistent developmental stuttering, by a professional expert in the field; 2 at least 3% of stuttering-like disfluencies; 3 onset of stuttering must have occurred during childhood developmental; 4 minimum duration of 12 months of disfluency without remission persistent; 5 stuttering classified in the minimum as mild according to the Stuttering Severity Instrument- SSI-3.
The results obtained in this study showed that, on average,the total disfluencies frequency of the group of adults with familial persistent developmental stuttering was 10.77%, of which approximately half were classified as other disfluencies, and the other half as stuttering-like disfluencies.
The data obtained from the spontaneous speech of adults with familial persistent developmental stuttering, has helped to confirm, that on average, the group showed 10.77% of ruptures, approximately half characterized as stuttering-like disfluencies SLD and the other half as other disfluencies OD. This balance in the distribution of disruptions occurrence of stuttering adults between SLD and OD found in this study is similar to results of a survey comprising 40 children, who were stuttering speakers of Brazilian Portuguese.
Thus, it is believed that there are regions of the genome that carry important information to the human development genes, which once modified mutated, can promote small and subtle changes in the structure and function of the brain,in individuals with familial persistent developmental stuttering, which has led research groups to carry through ample genetic studies in the last few decades.