Examples of using Planar graph in English and their translations into Russian
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Every planar graph is locally outerplanar.
By the four color theorem, every planar graph can be 4-colored.
When a planar graph covers a non-planar one, the ply must be an even number.
Every tree with only countably many vertices is a planar graph.
Every outerplanar graph is a planar graph.
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An alternating knot diagram is in one-to-one correspondence with a planar graph.
In particular, every planar graph has a planar arc diagram.
Therefore, every graph with book thickness two is automatically a planar graph.
For the points in the plane the NNG is a planar graph with vertex degrees at most 6.
It has no crossings,so every polyhedral graph is also a planar graph.
In particular, there exists a planar graph without 4-cycles that cannot be 3-colored.
Therefore, by Steinitz's theorem, it is a 3-vertex-connected simple planar graph.
Every maximal planar graph, other than K4 W4, contains as a subgraph either W5 or W6.
A weaker quadratic lower bound on the grid size needed for planar graph drawing was given earlier by Valiant 1981.
Every maximal planar graph with five or more vertices has vertex connectivity 3, 4, or 5.
For the characterization in terms of the maximum number of triangles in a planar graph, see Hakimi& Schmeichel 1979.
For instance, the 16-vertex planar graph shown in the illustration has m 24 edges.
A planar graph is an undirected graph that can be embedded into the Euclidean plane without any crossings.
A slightly more general result is true: if a planar graph has at most three triangles then it is 3-colorable.
If a planar graph is embedded on a sphere, its face cycles clearly satisfy Lefschetz's property.
Lovász, Pach& Szegedy(1997)proved that every bipartite thrackle is a planar graph, although not drawn in a planar way.
For a planar graph[math]G[/math], the computation time is linear if the graph[math]H[/math] is fixed.
It is named after A. Goldner and Frank Harary,who proved in 1975 that it was the smallest non-Hamiltonian maximal planar graph.
Let G be a finite planar graph with a Hamiltonian cycle C, with a fixed planar embedding.
A remarkable theorem of Kasteleyn states that the number of perfect matchings in a planar graph can be computed exactly in polynomial time via the FKT algorithm.
This phase requires a planar graph G0 to be transformed into G with no vertex having degree greater than 3.
In any planar graph, the pathwidth is at most proportional to the square root of the number of vertices.
The result that every simple planar graph can be drawn with straight line edges is called Fáry's theorem.
For every planar graph G{\displaystyle G}, and every planar embedding of G{\displaystyle G}, the faces of the embedding that are induced cycles must be peripheral cycles.
Keywords: zero-divisor graph, planar graph, Eulerian graph, finite ring, rings with polynomial identities.