Examples of using Electron acceptor in English and their translations into Vietnamese
{-}
-
Colloquial
-
Ecclesiastic
-
Computer
It uses electron transfer flavoprotein as its electron acceptor.
They use the nitrate as an electron acceptor in the place of oxygen during respiration.
He learned that bacteria could use sulfate as a terminal electron acceptor, instead of oxygen.
Terminal electron acceptor is a compound that gets reduced in the reaction by receiving electrons. .
A common reaction involves the use of carbon dioxide as an electron acceptor to oxidize hydrogen.
The electron acceptor can be oxygen(in aerobic bacteria), but a variety of other electron acceptors, organic and inorganic, are also used by various species.
In this example, A is the reductant(electron donor)and B is the oxidant(electron acceptor).
Some systems use sulfate as the final electron acceptor in the electron transport chain.
Molecular oxygen is a highly oxidizing agent and, therefore,is an excellent electron acceptor.
This reaction also shows that manganate(VII) can serve as an electron acceptor in addition to its usual role as an oxygen-transfer reagent.
Fe-reducing bacteria can reduceFe3+ back to Fe2+ by utilizing it as a terminal electron acceptor.[2].
In these areas, nitrate(NO3-) or nitrite(NO 2-)can be used as a substitute terminal electron acceptor instead of oxygen(O2), a more energetically favourable electron acceptor.
The potential of NADH and FADH2is converted to more ATP through anelectron transport chain with oxygen as the“terminal electron acceptor”.
When oxygen is depleted,bacteria first turn to the second-best electron acceptor, which in sea water is nitrate.
Further, the evolution of chlorate reduction may be an ancient phenomenon as all perchlorate reducing bacteria described todate also utilize chlorate as a terminal electron acceptor.
Anaerobic respiration differs from aerobic respiration in that it uses an electron acceptor other than oxygen in the electron transport chain.
These organisms can use hydrogen,[45] reduced sulfur compounds such as sulfide, hydrogen sulfide and thiosulfate,[1] ferrous iron FeII[46] or ammonia[47] as sources of reducing power andthey gain energy from the oxidation of these compounds with electron acceptors such as oxygen or nitrite.
The high electronegativity of oxygen andresulting large energy gains makes it ideal for use as a Terminal Electron Acceptor(TEA).[11] The list of these microorganisms that employ anaerobic respiration though is growing.
Not only are low levels of oxygen lethal to fish and other upper trophic level species, they can change the microbially mediated cycling of globally important elements such as nitrogen;nitrate replaces oxygen as the primary microbial electron acceptor at very low oxygen concentrations.
Now a team of Swiss-German researchers have shown thathumic substances act as fully regenerable electron acceptors which helps explain why large amount of methane are held in wetlands instead of being released to the atmosphere.
Other organic compounds such as alcohols,acetic acid or formic acid are used as alternative electron acceptors by methanogens.
It can grow in both aerobic and anaerobic conditions with nitrate as its electron acceptor during anoxic conditions.
In wastewater treatment, the absence of oxygen alone is indicated anoxic while the term anaerobicis used to indicate the absence of any common electron acceptor such as nitrate, sulfate or oxygen.
The deficit is due tophoto-excitation of electrons which are again trapped in an electron acceptor molecule, this time that of photosystem I.
It is a strong acid, completely ionized into hydronium(H3O+) and nitrate(NO3-) ions in aqueous solution,and a powerful oxidizing agent(one that acts as electron acceptor in oxidation-reduction reactions).
For example, nitrification is inhibited as low oxygen occurs and toxic compounds are formed, as anaerobic bacteria use nitrate, manganese,and sulfate as alternative electron acceptors.[5] The reduction-oxidation potential of the rhizhosphere decreases and metal ions such as iron and manganese precipitate.
However, some anaerobic organisms, such as methanogens are able to continue with anaerobic respiration, yielding more ATP by using other inorganic molecules(not oxygen)as final electron acceptors in the electron transport chain.
Further, the evolution of chlorate reduction may be an ancient phenomenon as all perchlorate reducing bacteria described todate also utilize chlorate as a terminal electron acceptor.[4] It should be clearly stated, that currently no chlorate-dominant minerals are known.