Examples of using Wave function in English and their translations into Vietnamese
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He did such a wonderfuljob of then deriving the hydrogen atom wave function and much more.
You will get to use Wave Function software for Computational Chemistry that visualizes the structure of complex molecules.
The Copenhagen interpretationstates that the act of measuring something causes the quantum wave function to collapse.
In order to prove that the wave function did not collapse, one would have to bring all these particles back and measure them again, together with the system that was originally measured.
Quantum Monte Carlo is a way todirectly study the many-body problem and the many-body wave function beyond these approximations.
This means that the wave function property called“parity”, denoted by the symbol“P”, is not conserved when the system is exposed to such an interaction and the mirror reflection property may be changed.
Newer interpretations of quantum mechanics have beenformulated that do away with the concept of"wave function collapse"(see, for example, the relative state interpretation).
Likewise, Hartle and Hawking expressed the wave function of the universe- which describes its likely states- as the sum of all possible ways that it might have smoothly expanded from a point.
How does the quantum description of reality,which includes elements such as the"superposition of states" and"wave function collapse", give rise to the reality we perceive?
S flying away towards the other end of the universe; in order to prove that the wave function did not collapse one would have to bring all these particles back and measure them again, together with the system that was measured originally.
So he sat down-- and I imagine he had nothing more than a simple piece of paper and a pencil-- and he tried to write down, and did write down, the simplest function that he could think of,which had the boundary conditions that the wave function vanish when things touch and is smooth in between.
For example,the free particle in the previous example will usually have a wave function that is a wave packet centered around some mean position x0(neither an eigenstate of position nor of momentum).
In the face of this evidence, supporters of the Copenhagen interpretation, like Dirac, have to wriggle around, imitating the photons they describe, saying that a photon goes through both slits and interferes with itself and then- in a puff of smoke,when the magician waves his wand- the wave function collapses.
Based on quantum theory,which states that all matter has properties associated with a wave function, the Electron Cloud Model differs from the Bohr Model in that it does not define the exact path of an electron.
The hope was that the sum of all possible"expansion histories," smooth-bottomed universes of all different shapes and sizes,would yield a wave function that gives a high probability to a huge, smooth, flat universe like ours.
In the final years of his life, to better understand the wave function more generally, Hawking and his collaborators started applying holography- a blockbuster new approach that treats space-time as a hologram.
Einstein's collaborator, John Wheeler(who coined the word“black hole”)argued that time itself emerges due to a decoherence of the wave function describing the universe, which is subject to the laws of quantum gravity.
In fact, the properties of the wave function were being used to make physical predictions(such as emissions from atoms being at certain discrete energies) before any physical interpretation was offered.
Wheeler and DeWitt- after mulling over the issue during a layover at Raleigh-Durham International-argued that the wave function of the universe, whatever it is, cannot depend on time, since there is no external clock by which to measure it.
The Hartree-Fock method often assumes that the exact N-body wave function of the system can be approximated by a single Slater determinant(in the case where the particles are fermions) or by a single permanent(in the case of bosons) of N spin-orbitals.
The most common explanation of how this works is that the photons move in a stream of particles,but the overall behavior of those particles is determined by a quantum wave function that determines the probability of the particles being in a given location at a given time.
If this possible solution does indeed dominate the wave function for minisuperspace, it becomes plausible to imagine that a far more detailed and exact version of the no-boundary wave function might serve as a viable cosmological model of the real universe.
The most common explanation of how this functions is that the photons move in a stream of particles,yet the general behavior of those particles are determined by a quantum wave function that determines the probability of the particles being in a given location at a given point of time.
The most commonly described case, sometimes called the Aharonov- Bohm solenoid effect,takes place when the wave function of a charged particle passing around a long solenoid experiences a phase shift as a result of the enclosed magnetic field, despite the magnetic field being negligible in the region through which the particle passes and the particle's wavefunction being negligible inside the solenoid.
The quantum Monte Carlo methods allow for a direct treatment anddescription of complex many-body effects encoded in the wave function, going beyond mean field theory and offering an exact solution of the many-body problem in some circumstances.
It also yields two other quantum numbers andthe shape of the electron's wave function("orbital") for the various possible quantum-mechanical states, thus explaining the anisotropic character of atomic bonds.
Probability clouds are approximate, but better than the Bohr model,whereby electron location is given by a probability function, the wave function eigenvalue, such that the probability is the squared modulus of the complex amplitude, or quantum state nuclear attraction.
Hawking argued that the vast spread of possible universes permitted by the wave function must all be realized in some larger multiverse, within which only complex universes like ours will have inhabitants capable of making observations.
In 1928, Paul Dirac found an equation that was fully compatible with Special Relativity, and(as a consequence)made the wave function a 4-component"Dirac spinor" including"up" and"down" spin components, with both positive and"negative" energy(or matter and antimatter).
Hartle and Hawking derived a formula describing the whole shuttlecock-the so-called“wave function of the universe” that encompasses the entire past, present and future at once- making moot all contemplation of seeds of creation, a creator, or any transition from a time before.