Примеры использования Adaptive immune на Английском языке и их переводы на Русский язык
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These are some of the components of the adaptive immune system.
When the adaptive immune system of a vertebrate encounters a virus, it produces specific antibodies that bind to the virus and often render it non-infectious.
T cells play an important role in the adaptive immune system.
Helper T cells regulate both the innate and adaptive immune responses and help determine which immune responses the body makes to a particular pathogen.
Immunology is the study of the immune system, which includes the innate and adaptive immune system in humans.
B-lymphocytes take part in the adaptive immune response and produce antibodies.
NF-κB is a major transcription factor that regulates genes responsible for both the innate and adaptive immune response.
Besides, the pathogen induced reshaping of adaptive immune responses has deep consequences in the altered regulation of both peripheral and central immune defensive mechanisms.
A pivotal question, therefore, is:what is the cause of the progressive senescence of the adaptive immune responses in the elderly?
Moreover, as is the case of CMV, the adaptive immune responses pay a high price to maintain the virus in the latent form, since the immune resources involved in anti-virus defensive mechanisms are elevated.
In fact, innate immunity seems to be preserved along the years, while adaptive immune responses progressively decline with age 40.
The common techniques are inspired by specific immunological theories that explain the function andbehavior of the mammalian adaptive immune system.
Induction of specific anti-tumour immune response may be obtained through re-direction of adaptive immune system with potent cytotoxic effects against leukemic cells.
Once activated, they mature and migrate to the lymphoid tissues where they interact with T cells andB cells to initiate and orchestrate the adaptive immune response.
It is chronic inflammatory disease of the respiratory tract,in which many cells of innate and adaptive immune system participate together with epithelial cells causing the main clinical syndromes typical for the disease.
Thus free radical-mediated reperfusion injury-was seen to contribute to the process of innate and subsequent adaptive immune responses.
In fact, with advancing age the adaptive immune response, the immune diversity and the plasticity of immune responses decline because of the immune reserve decrease induced by antigen load of chronic infections.
The immune system has been divided into a more primitiveinnate immune system and, in vertebrates, an acquired or adaptive immune system.
BA is chronic inflammatory disease of the respiratory tract,in which many cells of innate and adaptive immune system in combination with epithelial cells are involved causing the main clinical syndromes typical for the disease 2, 3.
However, 68% of the patients exhibited detectable levels of IgG-anti-PVB19 antibodies(>10 IU/ ml),thus reflecting high prevalence of adaptive immune response.
This means that the cells of the innate system recognise, and respond to,pathogens in a generic way, but, unlike the adaptive immune system, it does not confer long-lasting or protective immunity to the host.
Type I interferons(IFNs) such as IFN-α, IFN-β, IFN-ε, IFN-κ, and IFN-ω represent cytokines, which are deeply involved in the regulation andactivation of innate and adaptive immune responses.
Atopic dermatitis(AD) is one of the most frequent skin diseases in childhood; its development is determined by the influence of genetic factors andthe involvement of the innate and adaptive immune system in the formation of the inflammatory process in the skin.
Multiple cellular activities have been attributed to the encoded protein, including roles in the differentiation and arrangement of tissue three-dimensional structure, angiogenesis, apoptosis, tumor suppression, metastasis, andthe modulation of innate and adaptive immune responses.
Two papers appearing in 1994 presaged the deeper understanding of innate immune reactivity,dictating the subsequent nature of the adaptive immune response.
The findings of numerous investigations of molecular mechanisms of developing yersinioses and other infections enabled investigators to estimate, that PAMP of gram-negative molecules transmit multiple signals to the cells and, consequently, can be used as natural adjuvants,activating adaptive immune response of the body.
The results of numerous studies on molecular mechanisms of yersiniosis and other infections enabled to estimate that the patterns of pathogen associated molecules of gram-negative bacteria when interacting with recognizing the receptors transmit numerous signals to immune cells, and can therefore be used as a natural,innate adjuvants activating an adaptive immune response of the body.
The derived constitutive autocrine stimulation of signaling pathway TLR5 results in response of innate immunity andsubsequent development of adaptive anti-tumor immune reactions.
Artificial Immune Systems(AIS) are adaptive systems, inspired by theoretical immunology and observed immune functions, principles and models, which are applied to problem solving.
Both innate and adaptive immunity depend on the ability of the immune system to distinguish between self and non-self molecules.