Примеры использования Riemann surfaces на Английском языке и их переводы на Русский язык
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Candidate Dissertation topic:“Isometric andconformal transformations in associated Riemann surfaces”(1984).
These models concern maps from Riemann surfaces into a fixed target-usually a Calabi-Yau manifold.
Brill and Max Noether developed alternative proofs using algebraic methods for much of Riemann's work on Riemann surfaces.
Here there is a triple of distinct Riemann surfaces with the identical automorphism group of order 84(14- 1) 1092 22·3·7·13.
Every item in the above formulation of the Riemann-Roch theorem for divisors on Riemann surfaces has an analogue in algebraic geometry.
In this way, one gets Riemann surfaces, which are one-dimensional objects over C, but are two-dimensional over R. An example is the Klein quartic.
Mirzakhani was awarded the Fields Medal in 2014 for"her outstanding contributions to the dynamics and geometry of Riemann surfaces and their moduli spaces.
The idea of an analogy between number fields and Riemann surfaces goes back to Richard Dedekind and Heinrich M. Weber in the nineteenth century.
Hurwitz's theorem claims that in fact more is true:it provides a uniform bound on the order of the automorphism group as a function of the genus and characterizes those Riemann surfaces for which the bound is sharp.
The Riemann-Hurwitz formula concerning(ramified)maps between Riemann surfaces or algebraic curves is a consequence of the Riemann-Roch theorem.
Because compact Riemann surfaces are synonymous with non-singular complex projective algebraic curves, a Hurwitz surface can also be called a Hurwitz curve.
Each point in T( S){\displaystyle T(S)} may be regarded as an isomorphism class of"marked" Riemann surfaces, where a"marking" is an isotopy class of homeomorphisms from S{\displaystyle S} to itself.
The branch of mathematics generally known as"circle packing" is concerned with the geometry and combinatorics of packings of arbitrarily-sized circles:these give rise to discrete analogs of conformal mapping, Riemann surfaces and the like.
The genus classifies compact Riemann surfaces up to homeomorphism, i.e., two such surfaces are homeomorphic if and only if their genus is the same.
The theory of algebraic surfaces is much more complicated than that of algebraic curves including the compact Riemann surfaces, which are genuine surfaces of(real) dimension two.
Its triangle group(or more precisely the index 2 von Dyck group of orientation-preserving isometries) is the(2,3,7) triangle group,which is the universal group for all Hurwitz groups- maximal groups of isometries of Riemann surfaces.
Vector bundles on algebraic curves may be studied as holomorphic vector bundles on compact Riemann surfaces. which is the classical approach, or as locally free sheaves on algebraic curves C in a more general, algebraic setting which can for example admit singular points.
Under the hand of Peter Roquette:The first main achievement of F. K. Schmidt is the discovery that the classical theorem of Riemann-Roch on compact Riemann surfaces can be transferred to function fields with finite base field.
In the context of compact Riemann surfaces X, via the Riemann uniformization theorem, this can be seen as a distinction between the surfaces of different topologies: X a sphere,a compact Riemann surface of genus zero with K> 0; X a flat torus, or an elliptic curve, a Riemann surface of genus one with K 0; and X a hyperbolic surface, which has genus greater than one and K< 0.
Theory of functions of complex variable: holomorphic and meromorphic functions, Cauchy formula, integrals of Cauchy type, Sokhotsky formulas, evaluation of integrals by means of residues, main properties andexamples of conformal maps, Riemann surfaces of functions.
This is the smallest hyperbolic Schwarz triangle, and thus, by the proof of Hurwitz's automorphisms theorem,the tiling is the universal tiling that covers all Hurwitz surfaces(the Riemann surfaces with maximal symmetry group), giving them a triangulation whose symmetry group equals their automorphism group as Riemann surfaces. .
Area of scientific interests: theory of integrable systems in geometry and physics: Frobenius manifolds, Gromov-Witten invariants, singularity theory, normal forms of integrable partial differential equations, Hamiltonian perturbations of hyperbolic systems, geometry of isomonodromic deformations,theta functions on Riemann surfaces, and nonlinear waves.
Most of the mathematical predictions of mirror symmetry are embedded in the physical equivalence of the A-model on Y with the B-model on its mirror X. When the Riemann surfaces have empty boundary, they represent the worldsheets of closed strings.
Finally, meromorphic functions on a Riemann surface are locally represented as fractions of holomorphic functions.
As a subset of the complex plane, an annulus can be considered as a Riemann surface.
A Riemann surface X is a topological space that is locally homeomorphic to an open subset of C, the set of complex numbers.
It follows that the Riemann surface in question can be taken to be H/Γ with H the upper half-plane and Γ of finite index in the modular group, compactified by cusps.
A pseudoholomorphic curve(or J-holomorphic curve) is a smooth map from a Riemann surface into an almost complex manifold that satisfies the Cauchy-Riemann equation.
On the other hand, Hodge theory shows that the genus coincides with the(C-)dimension of the space of holomorphic one-forms on X,so the genus also encodes complex-analytic information about the Riemann surface.
This geometry, andassociated symmetry group, was studied by Felix Klein as the monodromy groups of a Belyi surface- a Riemann surface with a holomorphic map to the Riemann sphere, ramified only at 0, 1, and infinity(a Belyi function)- the cusps are the points lying over infinity, while the vertices and the centers of each edge lie over 0 and 1; the degree of the covering(number of sheets) equals 5.