Примеры использования Use of hfcs на Английском языке и их переводы на Русский язык
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Official
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Colloquial
In the meantime, the use of HFCs had increased sharply.
Croatia(a European Union member State since 1 July 2013), Serbia andTurkey have implemented measures to regulate the import and use of HFCs.
As of 31 December 2007, the use of HFCs for the production of foams has been prohibited.
Consideration of a potential phase-down did not preclude continuing use of HFCs in the short or medium term.
Minimize the use of HFCs, PFCs and SF6 in products and minimize their emissions.
The Government of Switzerland urged parties to halt their use of HFCs and to adopt other alternatives to HCFCs.
Therefore, responsible use of HFCs in the case of HFC chillersis the near term solution to achieve the best Life Cycle Climate Performance LCCP.
These percentages have not changed significantly since 1990, although the use of HFCs and PFCs is expected to increase in future years.
The anticipated cumulative use of HFCs in metered-dose inhalers was expected to be 173,000 kilotonnes CO2-equivalent through 2030 under a businessas-usual scenario.
Some countries, in particular those with high ambient temperatures,could not function without the use of HFCs and it would be wrong to compel them to phase them out.
It also proposes to restrict the use of HFCs as aerosol propellants to uses for which alternatives posing less environmental and health risk are not available or potentially available.
The measures described in the present section are prohibitions, restrictions or authorizations pertaining to the production, manufacture, trade,placing on the market and use of HFCs and HFCbased equipment.
Since the Montreal Protocol had sparked the use of HFCs it had the responsibility to address them.
It features voluntary approaches with HFC-23 and primary aluminium producers to develop and implement favourable processing practices ortechnology andregulatory mechanisms to limit the use of HFCs and PFCs where alternatives are available.
Ambitious proposals to deal with the production and use of HFCs, which were one of the main substitutes for HCFCs, had been considered by the parties since 2009.
Indeed, through the phase-out of ODSs, as well as financing the replacement of ODSs with high-GWP HFCs in Parties operating under paragraph 1 of Article 5 through the Multilateral Fund("MLF"),the Montreal Protocol is responsible for the commercialization and prolific use of HFCs and has an obligation to make every effort to minimize the adverse environmental impact of the chemicals now used in the sectors it regulates.
The parties had an excellent opportunity to reduce the use of HFCs while at the same time improving energy efficiency, in total avoiding more than 90 gigatonnes CO2 equivalent of emissions by 2050, roughly equal to two years' current global emissions of all greenhouse gases.
Some representatives called for parties not operating under paragraph 1 of article 5 to take voluntary action to discourage the use of HFCs through their own regulatory processes, in preference to amending the Montreal Protocol.
Switzerland reports restrictions on the use of HFCs and PFCs as aerosol propellants andextinguishing agents in fire protection equipment, and in Denmark the use of HFC-134a as a propellant in aerosol sprays and the use of HFCs as fire fighting agents have been prohibited since 1977.
In Canada, it is proposed that the 1998 Ozone-depleting Substances Regulations be amended to prohibit, beginning in 2015, the manufacture,import and use of HFCs for purposes for which ozone-depleting substances have never been used in the country.
Austria has since 2008 prohibited the import and use of HFCs in new fixed airconditioners and freezers, including domestic refrigerators, freezers and mobile airconditioners, allowing the continued use of HFCs in refrigeration and cooling appliances for specific circumstances.
One representative said that while he understood the desire to use experience acquired under the Montreal Protocol in new areas by regulating the use of HFCs, there were currently no alternatives to a number of uses of HFCs, a situation that would continue for another 20 years.
The rationale for the proposal was that the use of HFCs and their harmful effects stemmed from their use as alternatives to ozone-depleting substances, that their use was likely to increase and that the Protocol community had both the expertise needed to deal with the issue and a proven record of success.
It was also mentioned that several non-article 5 parties and one regional economic organizationhad introduced controls and restrictions on the marketing and use of HFCs, including taxes and incentives, based on assessments of the availability of environmentally sound alternatives.
One representative said that it would be better to control the use of HFCs without delay, when consumption was still relatively low, than to wait until it had grown substantially.
Mr. Ashford replied that a large proportion of the foams sector in non-Article 5 parties was using low-GWP hydrocarbons, particularly in the polyurethane industry;the Panel was trying to obtain more information on the use of HFCs, especially in the extruded polystyrene sector, where it was tracking the uptake of new unsaturated blowing agents in connection with their conductivity performance.
Other representatives argued that the legal issues were not so clear-cut,as the rapid growth in the use of HFCs had arisen primarily from decisions taken by the parties to the Montreal Protocol to accelerate the phase-out of CFCs and HCFCs, giving rise to a pressing need to identify and introduce alternatives to those substances.
Mobile Air Conditioning Directive- Directive 2006/40/EC- restricts the use of HFCs in mobile air-conditioning equipment to substances with a GWP no higher than 150;
The representative of a non-governmental organization urged the Parties to adopt a policy barring the use of HFCs in any new or retrofit applications where technologically proven, safe, efficient, low-global warming potential HFC-free technologies existed and urged the Multilateral Fund to stop funding HFC-based projects immediately.
Since the Montreal Protocol did fund, and thus encouraged,the large-scale use of HFCs it therefore had, at minimum, an ethical responsibility for the consequences of such use. .