Примеры использования Virtual science на Английском языке и их переводы на Русский язык
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Virtual science libraries 7.
Potential of virtual science libraries.
Virtual science libraries offer many advantages.
II. Sharing the wealth of knowledge:Open access and virtual science libraries.
Iraqi Virtual Science Library.
Although their online nature leaves them without borders, many virtual science libraries are national endeavours.
Iii Virtual science libraries and geospatial analysis of development issues;
Open access initiatives and the development of virtual science libraries are part of a wider movement towards greater openness.
Virtual science libraries come in a range of different shapes and sizes.
Lack of Internet connectivity is often a barrier to taking advantage of web-based ICT applications for Virtual Science Libraries.
Virtual science library access restrictions vary, and are often related to user affiliations.
CSTD considered the role of open access and virtual science libraries in education during its 2011- 2012 intersessional panel.
Governments, in partnership with other stakeholders, should ensure the logistical andfinancial viability of virtual science libraries;
Open access and virtual science libraries are two complementary mechanisms to increase and extend knowledge flows.
To overcome this problem, in 2007, the United States Civilian Research andDevelopment Foundation(CRDF) set up the Iraqi Virtual Science Library and subsequently handed over responsibility for the library to the Government of Iraq in 2010.
Open access, virtual science libraries, geospatial analysis and other complementary ICT, STI, engineering and mathematics assets to address development issues, with particular attention to education.
Open access can make journal articles freely available on the Internet and virtual science libraries can be tools for information dissemination and science and technology capacity-building.
Open access and virtual science libraries are two ways in which ICTs can be harnessed to overcome barriers to the building and dissemination of the global stock of knowledge, particularly in developing countries.
Over the past decade, a lot of time, energy and financing have been invested into the development of virtual libraries, andin particular virtual science libraries, where information is complex and journals tend to be more expensive.
GIS and geospatial analysis,open access, virtual science libraries are emerging ICT assets which have the potential to enhance STEM education.
The Chief of the Science and Technology Section of the United Nations Conference on Trade and Development(UNCTAD) provided an overview of two essential tools for harnessing global knowledge for initiatives in the region: open access resources, especially publications andresearch articles, and virtual science libraries.
Similarly, national or international virtual science libraries can enhance knowledge exchange and open- access search capabilities for researchers in developing countries.
In 2012, the CSTD looked at(a) innovation, research, technology transfer for mutual advantage, entrepreneurship and collaborative development in the information society; and(b)open access, virtual science libraries, geospatial analysis and other complementary ICT and science, technology, engineering and mathematics assets.
This report provides an overview of how open access, virtual science libraries, and geographic information systems(GIS) could be harnessed to address development challenges, especially in the area of education.
The Council also recommended that national Governments increase the use of ICTs for collaborative learning by using online scientific publications,opening up online content to the public, and establishing virtual science libraries and national research and education networks that enable collective buying power for online scientific research services.
Box 2 gives details of the Iraqi virtual science library, which, through collaboration with a range of publishing companies, offers the Iraqi scientific research community access to many academic journals.
Participants highlighted the importance of the logistical andfinancial viability of virtual science libraries, in particular those that provide a platform to facilitate networking among scientists across geographic boundaries.
Other virtual science libraries are the product of collaborative efforts across borders, such as the CRDF Virtual Science Library Program connecting countries such as Iraq, Morocco, Algeria, Tunisia, Armenia and Afghanistan.
Participants focused on the potential of open access, virtual science libraries, Geographic Information Systems(GIS) and geospatial analysis applications to enhance education and promote the exchange of knowledge.
For example, open access and virtual science libraries help to increase and extend knowledge flows, but they will have limited impact without the necessary human capacity and educational framework to make use of them.