Приклади вживання Cali cartel Англійська мовою та їх переклад на Українською
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Cali Cartel money laundering chart.
He reported that a bank that had recently failedhad been laundering money for Colombia's Cali Cartel.
Included in the list of government officials and officers on the Cali Cartel payroll were a reported 5,000 taxi drivers.
Los Rastrojos are, together with the Norte del Valle cartel, considered the"heirs" of the Cali cartel.
The bank was believed tohave been used to launder funds for the Cali cartel, as well as Pablo Escobar's Medellín Cartel. .
The death of Pablo Escobar led to the dismantling of the Medellín Cartel andthe rise of the Cali Cartel.[1][29].
The counter-intelligence TN Education Centre of the Cali Cartel often surprised the Drug Enforcement Administration(DEA) and Colombian officials.
The Cali Cartel operated as a tight group of independent criminal organizations, as opposed to the Medellíns' structure of a central leader, Pablo Escobar.[2][10].
In his book End of Millennium,Manuel Castells states the Cali Cartel had participated in social cleansing of hundreds of desechables("discardables").
The Cali Cartel(Spanish: Cartel de Cali) was a drug cartel based in southern Colombia, around the city of Cali and the Valle del Cauca Department.
The institution was later cited by United States officials as a money laundering operation,which allowed both the Cali Cartel and the Medellín Cartel to move and launder large amounts of funds.
Colombian officials raided and seized the Drogas la Rebaja pharmacy chain,replacing 50 of its 4,200 workers on the grounds that they were"serving the interests of the Cali Cartel".[1][31].
In response to the kidnapping, the Medellín and Cali cartels, as well as associated traffickers, formed the group Muerte a Secuestradores(MAS;"Death to Kidnappers").
In 1992, the guerrilla faction Fuerzas Armadas Revolucionarias de Colombia(FARC;"Revolutionary Armed Forces of Colombia") kidnapped Christina Santa Cruz,the daughter of Cali Cartel leader José Santacruz Londoño.
In order to launder the incoming money of the trafficking operations, the Cali cartel heavily invested its funds into legitimate business ventures as well as front companies to mask the money.
The Cali Cartel leadership comprised Gilberto Rodríguez Orejuela, Miguel Rodríguez Orejuela, José Santacruz Londoño and Hélmer Herrera Buitrago. Some top associates were Victor Patiño Fomeque, Henry Loaiza Ceballos, ex-guerrilla José Fedor Rey, and Phanor Arizabaleta-Arzayus.[9].
As the Medellín Cartel weakened due to the fighting and constant pressure, the Cali Cartel grew in strength, eventually founding Los Pepes, or Perseguidos por Pablo Escobar("People Persecuted by Pablo Escobar").
While the Cali Cartel operated with a degree of immunity early on, owing to its ties to the government and the Medellín Cartel's narco-terrorism war on the Colombian government, they were still subjected to drug seizures.
The group developed and organized itself into multiple"cells" that appeared to operate independently yet reported to a celeno("manager").[1]The independent cell structure is what set the Cali Cartel apart from the Medellín Cartel. .
In 1993, the US Customs Service struck again at the Cali cartel, this time seizing 5,600 kilograms(12,346 lb) while pursuing Raul Marti, the only remaining member of the defunct Miami cell.
Finally, Escobar went to prison, where he continued to run his Medellin Cartel and menace rivals from his cell.[1] The second plot to kill Escobar was to bomb the prison by using an A-37 Dragonfly surplusground-attack jet bomber in private ownership.[26][27] The Cali Cartel had a connection in El Salvador, a general of El Salvador's military who illegally sold them four 500-pound bombs for about half a million dollars.[3][26].
In response, the Cali Cartel kidnapped 20 or more members of the Colombian Communist Party, Patriotic Union, the United Workers Union, and the sister of Pablo Catatumbo, a representative of the Simón Bolívar Guerrilla Coordinating Board.
Contributing to the demise was the Medellín Cartel's Rodríguez Gacha, who attempted to move in on the New York City market,previously ceded to the Cali Cartel, and the 1986 arrest of Jorge Ochoa at a police roadblock, which the Medellín Cartel deemed suspicious and attributed partly to the Cali Cartel.[1].
Along with some of the locals, the Cali Cartel formed parties self-named grupos de limpieza social("social cleansing groups") who murdered the desechables, often leaving them with signs on them stating:"Cali limpia, Cali linda"("clean Cali, beautiful Cali").
It is alleged[by whom?] that the Norte del Valle cartel was formed after an event where the brothers Miguel Rodríguez Orejuela and Gilberto Rodríguez Orejuela,leaders of the Cali Cartel, came to an agreement with the Colombian government that if they surrendered themselves and their organization to the Colombian justice system they would be given perks, such as imprisonment in Colombian prisons for not more than five years and the promise of no expropriation of their substantial assets.
Ex member of Cali Cartel, Luis Alfonso Ocampo Fomeque Tocayo(Namesake) half brother of Victor Patiño, Carlos Alberto Renteria Mantilla Beto Renteria, Ramon Alberto Quintero Sanclemente RQ, Miguel Fernando Solano Don Miguelito(Mr. Miguelito) Juan Carlos Ortiz Escobar Cuchilla(Blade) and Jorge Eliecer Asprilla El Negro Asprilla.
The pharmaceutical chain's value was estimated at $216 million.[2][3][15]As a consequence of the Cali Cartel's ownership of the chain, from January 1988 to May 4, 1990, it was targeted for 85 bombings by Pablo Escobar and the Medellín Cartel, leaving a combined total of 27 people dead.
The Cali Cartel was formed by the Rodriguez Orejuela brothers and Santacruz, all coming from what is described as a higher social background than most other traffickers of the time.[6] The recognition of this social background was displayed in the group's nickname as"Los Caballeros de Cali"("Gentlemen of Cali").[3][4][7] The group originally assembled as a ring of kidnappers known as"Las Chemas", which was led by Luis Fernando Tamayo García.
With connections to British and Israeli mercenaries, allies among countries, countless spies and informants in the government, and its vast intelligence andsurveillance network throughout the city of Santiago de Cali, the cartel was once renowned and compared to the KGB by the DEA.
Two of the most well-known cartels are based in the cities of Medellín and Cali.