Примери коришћења Consequentialism на Енглеском и њихови преводи на Српски
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Obviously, enormous amounts have been written about consequentialism and deontology.
Rule consequentialism exists in the forms of rule utilitarianism and rule egoism.
Most debates about research ethics reduce to disagreements between consequentialism and deontology.
For consequentialism, one of these extreme cases could be called Transplant.
These four ethical principles are themselves largely derived from two more abstract ethical frameworks: consequentialism and deontology.
Varieties of consequentialism can be differentiated by the beneficiary of the good consequences.
John Rawls, a critic of utilitarianism, argues that utilitarianism,in common with other forms of consequentialism, relies on the perspective of such an ideal observer.
Consequentialism can also be contrasted with aretaic moral theories such as virtue ethics.
In contrast to Bentham's views, state consequentialism is not utilitarian because it is not hedonistic or individualistic.
Consequentialism is the class of normative ethical theories holding that the consequences of one's conduct are the ultimate basis for any judgment about the rightness of that conduct….
Finally, following Foot's lead,one might adopt a sort of consequentialism that argues that virtuous activity ultimately produces the best consequences.
Both consequentialism and deontology offer important ethical insight, but each can be taken to absurd extremes.
Railton argues that Williams's criticisms can be avoided by adopting a form of consequentialism in which moral decisions are to be determined by the sort of life that they express.
However, rule consequentialism chooses rules based on the consequences that the selection of those rules has.
One common tactic among consequentialists, particularly those committed to an altruistic(selfless)account of consequentialism, is to employ an ideal, neutral observer from which moral judgements can be made.
Like deontology, rule consequentialism holds that moral behavior involves following certain rules.
Scheler argued that most of the older ethical systems(Kantian formalism, theonomic ethics, nietzscheanism,hedonism, consequentialism, and platonism, for example) fall into axiological error by emphasizing one value-rank to the exclusion of the others.
The term state consequentialism has also been applied to the political philosophy of the Confucian philosopher Xunzi.
Rule consequentialism is a theory that is sometimes seen as an attempt to reconcile deontology and consequentialism-and in some cases, this is stated as a criticism of rule consequentialism. .
This position can be described as a reconciliation between act consequentialism- in which the morality of an action is determined by that action's effects- and rule consequentialism- in which moral behavior is derived from following rules that lead to positive outcomes.
Finally, consequentialism and deontology are ethical frameworks that have been developed by philosophers for hundreds of years.
Unlike other forms of consequentialism, such as egoism and altruism, utilitarianism considers the interests of all beings equally.
Positive consequentialism demands that we bring about good states of affairs, whereas negative consequentialism requires that we avoid bad ones.
Bernard Williams has argued that consequentialism is alienating because it requires moral agents to put too much distance between themselves and their own projects and commitments.
Positive consequentialism demands that we bring about good states of affairs, whereas negative consequentialism may only require that we avoid bad ones.
Closely related is eudaimonic consequentialism, according to which full, flourishing happiness(which may or may not be the same as enjoying a great deal of pleasure) is the aim.
Mohist consequentialism, also known as state consequentialism,[3] is an ethical theory which evaluates the moral worth of an action based on how much it contributes to the welfare of a state.
In practice, this equates to adhering to rule consequentialism when one can only reason on an intuitive level, and to act consequentialism when in a position to stand back and reason on a more critical level.
Williams argues that consequentialism requires moral agents to take a strictly impersonal view of all actions, since it is only the consequences, and not who produces them, that is said to matter.
Another consequentialist version is motive consequentialism which looks at whether the state of affairs that results from the motive to choose an action is better or at least as good as each of the alternative state of affairs that would have resulted from alternative actions.