영어에서 The workers state 을 사용하는 예와 한국어로 번역
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The Workers' State, Thermidor and Bonapartism(1935).
Lenin described the basic aspects of the workers' state.
That the workers state held out as a bastion of world revolution for five years in isolation was a major historical accomplishment;
Stalinism: Gravedigger of Revolution, Gravedigger of the Workers States.
If the workers state loses its bureaucratization and gradually falls away, this means that its development marches along the road of socialism.
How could workers rise up against the workers' state?
Our defense of the workers states includes supporting North Korea's development of nuclear weapons and effective delivery systems as a necessary defense and deterrent against the imperialists.
How did the counterrevolution triumph and destroy the workers state without a civil war?
To this day, the U.S. has refused to sign a peace treaty while maintaining a blockade of North Korea in an attempt to economically strangle the workers state.
As the economic basis of social classes dwindles, the workers state would more and more assume a purely administrative function, finally withering away with the advent of classless communism.
In the course of the degeneration of the workers state, Stalin and his clique turned away from proletarian internationalism and created the anti-Marxist dogma of"building socialism in one country.".
Since the October Revolution of 1917,the social democracy has raved against the workers states in the name of"democracy.".
It is the duty of the working class internationally to defend the workers state in North Korea, despite the deforming rule of the nationalist Stalinist bureaucracy, and every other country where capitalist rule was overthrown.
Japan and the U.S. are cooperating militarily, subordinating their rivalry to their common hostility to the workers states in Asia.
However, the workers state was deformed from its inception by the rule of a parasitic bureaucracy fundamentally similar to the one that came to power in the Soviet Union in a political counterrevolution led by Stalin beginning in 1923-24.
Yet even when the workers state was transformed into a''capitalist'' one,''These gains were not erased by the Stalinist counterrevolution but seized, utilized and turned against the proletariat''(''Exchange on State Capitalism,'' Socialist Voice No. 6).
Shachtman ridiculed Trotsky's warnings that in the absence of proletarian political revolution the Stalinists were entirely capable of liquidating the workers state.
Its defeat had a huge demoralizing effect on Soviet workers, prolonging the isolation of the workers state and helping pave the way for the usurpation of political power from the proletariat by the nascent Soviet bureaucracy.
So according to the CWI the Stalinist bureaucracy transformed itself into a ruling class andin this simple way the workers state became a capitalist state. .
Those who, unlike the Cliffite bootlickers, see the need to stand with the workers states against the capitalist class enemy must understand that this includes supporting their development of nuclear weapons and necessary delivery systems-a crucial means of deterrence against imperialist attack.
By 1928, the kulaks were organizing grain strikes, threatening not only to starve the cities but to undermine the economic foundations of the workers state itself.
Those who, unlike the Cliffite bootlickers, see the need to stand with the workers states against the capitalist class enemy must understand that this includes supporting their development of nuclear weapons and necessary delivery systems—a crucial means of deterrence against imperialist attack.
Therefore,[Trotsky] writes,'Progress towards socialism is inseparable from that state power which is desirous of socialism or which is constrained to desire it'["The Workers State, Thermidor and Bonapartism," 1935].
But whether this is followed by a capitalist counterrevolution that breaks the resistance of the Chinese working class and destroys the workers state, or by a proletarian political revolution that overthrows the rule of the Stalinist bureaucracy, establishing the political rule of workers soviets in China and fighting to extend the Chinese revolution internationally, will be a question of struggle.
When in December 1981 the bid for power by Solidarność was spiked by General Wojciech Jaruzelski, we unconditionally defended that measure as a means to defend the workers state and buy time for the formation of a Trotskyist party.
Some other reformist leftists, like the U.S. Party for Socialism and Liberation(PSL), oppose imperialist economic and military threats against North Korea but give political support to the North Korean Stalinists, whose rule undermines defense of the workers state.
In regard to the Stalinist-ruled workers states, we have historically fought for trade unions that are independent of bureaucratic control and are based on the principle of defending the workers state and its collectivized economy.
Ultimately, as Bolshevik leader Leon Trotsky pointed out in The Revolution Betrayed(1937) and other works, unless the Stalinist caste is swept away by the workers, bureaucratic privilege,political suppression of the working class and appeasement of imperialism threaten the very existence of the workers state.