Ví dụ về việc sử dụng Nozick trong Tiếng anh và bản dịch của chúng sang Tiếng việt
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Mr. Nozick, are you okay?
This is based on the intuition Nozick supplies above.
Nozick tried to demonstrate the truth of two propositions.
John Rawls and Robert Nozick led a revival of political philosophy.
Nozick argued that there are three principles of just distribution.
However, if authority is used to curtail individual freedoms in order tofit some pre-ordained set of societal norms, Nozick would have been vehemently opposed to such intrusion of the state into private lives.
Notice what Nozick thinks would have to happen in this case.
After an erosion of faith in ethical theory in the first third of the 20th century, and calls for its abolition in the middle third,John Rawls and Robert Nozick revived theories of justice in the early 1970s.
To do this Nozick developed his“entitlement theory of justice.”.
While the Wilt Chamberlain and sunset/yacht lover examples may take aim at any sort of patterned theory(though it was mostlikely targeted at Rawls' theory of justice), Nozick uses yet another creative example to argue against classical utilitarianism.
Nozick challenged the idea that any such entity could really exist.
Bader notes that Nozick gives what he calls a fundamental potential explanation.
Nozick emphasized that we have to know exactly how the distribution came about.
Additionally, and perhaps more importantly, Nozick argued that such a conclusion could be reached without violation of anyone's property rights.
Nozick challenges us to consider whether there could really be any one ideal world for all of these very different individuals.
Instead, for liberals in political theory such as both Rawls and Nozick, the state exists to provide the appropriate conditions for individuals to define the good life for themselves(just so long as they don't impede the ability of others to do the same).
Since Nozick had this explanatory goal, this is part of the reason why he didn't use a consent-based approach to showing the formation of the state.
My late, lamented friend Bob Nozick, a fine philosopher, in one of his books,"Philosophical Explanations," is commenting on the ethos of philosophy-- the way philosophers go about their business.
Nozick proposed that individuals, simply via their pursuit of improving their own conditions will perform actions that will lead to a minimal state.
What some commentators on Nozick disagree about is why Nozick did not use a social contract type argument(that is, in the tradition of Hobbes, Locke, and Rousseau) for how a legitimate state could arise.
Nozick didn't want to simply show that people could agree to form a state, he wanted to reveal that even without their intention, the actions of people would lead to the establishment of a state.
It is significant to notice that Nozick believed that clients of dominant protection agencies presumably do not have to show actual violations of their rights by independents to justify punishment of independents who try to enforce unreliable procedures of justice.
What Nozick did share with Rawls is that he was part of the liberal political tradition, which places a premium on the individual and opposes the idea that the state's function is to make its citizens moral.
To argue against patterned theories of just distribution, Nozick wanted to show that patterns can only be imposed by either disallowing acts that disrupt the pattern(or as Nozick puts it, to“forbid capitalist acts between two adults”) or to constantly redistribute goods in order to reset the pattern.
In fact, Nozick thought that the method will inevitably result in the creation of a state despite the fact that no one intends to create one.
For example, Nozick would have criticized laws prohibiting or restricting the riding of motorcycles without helmets on the ground that the state should not have the right to interfere with an individual's choice to risk serious injury from accidents.
In fact, Nozick was surprised that this sort of arrangement had not already evolved from vocal members of the political left who argue that the only just notion of property is one held by all in a classless society.
In this scenario, Nozick wonders why the yacht lover, simply because of his lifestyle, has to work six months to acquire what he wants and pay his taxes, as opposed to the sunset lover, who needs to work much less to achieve these same ends.
Nozick described this principle as the idea that if someone knows that doing act A would violate Q's rights unless condition C obtained, he may not do A if he has not ascertained that C obtains through being in the best feasible position for ascertaining this.
However, other commentators on Nozick's work(such as Jeffrey Paul) contend that as a natural rights libertarian, Nozick also knew that any argument he made for the justification of the state could not proceed from the approach that there is a social contract to which individuals would need to consent.