Ví dụ về việc sử dụng Sodium channel trong Tiếng anh và bản dịch của chúng sang Tiếng việt
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It acts by inhibiting sodium channel conduction.
Sodium channel blockers directly inhibit the entry of sodium into the sodium channels. .
Another gene, SCN11A also affects sodium channels.
Furthermore, AM404 inhibits sodium channels, as do the anesthetics lidocaine and procaine.
In figure 4.16A, the short time constant τmis indicated by the almost simultaneous opening of two sodium channels.
Structure and pharmacology of sodium channel voltage sensors.
They act on the membrane of nervecells blocking the closure of the ion gates of the sodium channel during….
Thus, the open state of the sodium channel is the primary target of local anesthetic molecules.
The SCN9A gene is a major player in controlling the body's response to pain by activating orsilencing the sodium channel.
This occurs because calcium ions interact with the exterior surface of sodium channels in the plasma membrane of nerve cells.
This results in a runaway condition whereby the positivefeedback from the sodium current activates even more sodium channels.
It works as a non-selective voltage-gated sodium channel blocker and belongs to the Class IB group of anti-arrhythmic medications.[1].
The most intensively studiedtype of voltage-dependent ion channels comprises the sodium channels involved in fast nerve conduction.
Levobupivacaine hydrochloride is a sodium channel blocker used as a long-acting local anaesthetic for epidural anesthesia.
The genotypic explanation of the disorderhas been located on the specific voltage-gated sodium channel genes known as SCN1A and SCN2A.
As the sodium channels close, sodium ions can no longer enter the neuron, and they are then actively transported back out of the plasma membrane.
In an estimated 70% to 85% of cases,DS is caused by a mutation in the sodium channel, voltage-gated, type I alpha subunit(SCN1A) gene.
When closing after an action potential, sodium channels enter an"inactivated" state, in which they cannot be made to open regardless of the membrane potential- this gives rise to the absolute refractory period.
There is also an involvement of ion voltagechannel proteins such as VGSC(voltage gated sodium channels) in the chronic pain pathways.
DSP-2230 is a selective small-molecule Nav1.7 and Nav1.8 voltage-gated sodium channel blocker which is under development by Dainippon Sumitomo Pharma for the treatment of neuropathic pain.[1][2] As of June 2014, it is in phase I/phase II clinical trials.[1][2].
Almost all fishes from this family contain tetrodotoxin which is a verypowerful nerve affecting poison that blocks the sodium channels in the nerve cells and can cause death in a very short time period.
PF-05089771 is a selective, small-molecule Nav1.7 and Nav1.8 voltage-gated sodium channel blocker under development by Pfizer as a novel analgesic.[1][2][3] As of June 2014, it has completed phase II clinical trials for wisdom tooth removal and primary erythromelalgia.[4].
The potassium-sparing diuretics are competitive antagonists that either compete with aldosterone for intracellular cytoplasmic receptor sites,or directly block sodium channels(specifically epithelial sodium channels(ENaC) by amiloride).
Ajmaline also prolongs theQR interval since it can also act as sodium channel blocker, therefore making it take longer for the membrane to depolarize in the first case.
Currently, the SCN1A gene is the most clinically relevant; the largest number of epilepsy related mutations characterized thus far occur in this gene.[1][11] Typically,a missense mutation in either the S5 or S6 segment of the sodium channel pore results in a loss of channel function and the development of Dravet syndrome.
Certain anticonvulsant medications that are classed as sodium channel blockers are now known to make seizures worse in most Dravet patients.
It replaces procaine, being widely used in plastic andcosmetic operation in local infiltration anesthesia, the sodium channel inhibition of the nerve cell membrane to block nerve excitability and conduction.
Disopyramide( INN, trade names Norpace and Rythmodan) is an antiarrhythmic medication used in the treatment of ventricular tachycardia.[ 1]It is a sodium channel blocker and therefore classified as a Class 1a anti-arrhythmic agent.[ 2][ 3] Disopyramide has a negative inotropic effect on the ventricular myocardium, significantly decreasing the contractility.[ 4][ 5] Disopyramide also has an anticholinergic effect on the heart which accounts for many adverse side effects.
It blocks nerve conduction in sensory andmotor nerves largely by interacting with voltage sensitive sodium channels on the cell membrane, but also potassium and calcium channels are blocked.
Figures 4.30 and 4.31 show single-channel recordings obtained in response to a voltage clamp;Figure 4.30 indicates the response of a sodium channel to a depolarization of 40 mV; whereas Figure 4.31 shows the response of a squid axon potassium channel to a change in voltage from -100 mV to 50 mV.