Examples of using Clustering and networking in English and their translations into Arabic
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Expert Meeting on Clustering and Networking for.
Such cooperative arrangements combine the benefits of both clustering and networking.
Expert Meeting on Clustering and Networking for SME Development.
Despite trends towards globalization, there was an important role for governments at all levels- central, regional and local-in promoting clustering and networking.
Clustering and networking also have the potential to facilitate SMEs ' ability to access external markets and compete on an equal footing with larger companies.
The Internet makes this undertaking easier than ever,and the recent trend toward widely accepted clustering and networking schemes would support this development.
In the last two decades SMEs clustering and networking have been increasingly attracting the attention of academicians, policy makers, trade practitioners and international organizations.
The paper explores the main findings of the expert meetings in terms of appropriate policies and support mechanisms for promoting partnering, clustering and networking.
Attention will be focused inparticular on several attempts by developing countries to promote clustering and networking from informal to more organized and innovative phases.
Governments should continue to focus on creating an enabling macroeconomic environment by reducing regulatory constraints and adapting the overall legal and regulatory framework to favour clustering and networking.
Successful measures to stimulate enterprise clustering and networking require a constructive partnership between the publicand private sectors and must provide demand-driven responses oriented to local conditions.
The fourth case study will address the experience of SMEs in countries in transition,particularly the role of partnerships, clustering and networking in improving capacity building and competitiveness.
Both expert meetings underlined the primary role of Governments in providing an enabling macroeconomic environment, legal and regulatory framework and basic infrastructure for cooperation among firms via partnerships, clustering and networking.
The analysis and the case studies presented in the secretariat's paper suggest that clustering and networking are among the best options to support the growth of SME clusters and their ability to compete effectively in the global economy.
One of the basic functions of Governments was to create a stable and favourable macroeconomic environment, a suitable legal framework and the necessary infrastructure for promoting inter-firm cooperation through partnerships, clustering and networking.
Governments could not cope with the multitude of policy advice given, and there was therefore an urgent need to develop a common vision on clustering and networking specifically, and enterprise development in general, based on national and international experiences.
Governments should continue to focus on creating enabling economic environments by reducing regulatory constraints in particular and by adapting their overall legal and regulatory framework to those legitimate needs that could favour clustering and networking.
Policy makers at all levels are invited to review their traditional industrial development policies with respect to both manufacturing and services and to give appropriate priority to promoting clustering and networking as an effective strategy for SME development.
UNCTAD was requested inter alia to undertake a number of studies including(a) to develop criteria and checklists of conditions, capacities, and attitudes that make companies“partnership-ready”; and(b) to prepare a study on innovative,non-fiscal incentives which can be used to promote clustering and networking.
(b) Clusters and networks 53-54.
There are many types of clusters and networks.
The SME cluster and network development programme continues to play an important role in assisting SMEs.
TD/B/COM.3/EM.5/2“Promoting and sustaining SME clusters and networks for development”.
Drawing on concrete examples, this issues paper examines therole of support structures in promoting and sustaining enterprise clusters and networks for development.
There will be a concerted effort to expand it to new countries,and to refine the tools and methodologies used to promote the cluster and networking development approach.
Small manufacturers were backed up by local clusters and networks which were in turn part of global value-added chains.
Three basic types of clusters and networks, including supply chains, horizontal networks and sectoral clusters, .