Examples of using Deterministic effects in English and their translations into Arabic
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Deterministic effects.
The doses to about200 workers were high enough to cause clinical deterministic effects.
(a) Deterministic effects.
Some effects are indirect in that they are the result of deterministic effects on other tissues.
Deterministic effects were quite frequent in the early days of radiation use.
Those thresholds, like all thresholds for deterministic effects, apply to persons in a normal state of health.
Deterministic effects in several other organs have been identified and quantified.
The occurrence of an initiating event hassometimes been detected by the unexpected appearance of deterministic effects.
In turn, deterministic effects in some tissues, such as the vascular and connective tissues, cause secondary damage in other tissues.
During childhood, when tissues are actively growing,radiation-induced deterministic effects will often have a more severe impact than they would during adulthood.
Some deterministic effects have characteristics that distinguish them from similar effects due to other causes, which may help to identify the affected individuals.
The difference between the radiation sensitivity of children and that of adults for deterministic effects in a specific organ is often not the same as the difference for cancer induction.
Such deterministic effects are experienced as a result of high acute absorbed doses(i.e. about one gray or more), such as might arise following exposures in accidents or in radiotherapy;
Except as a result of serious accidents and the unwanted but inevitable irradiation of healthy tissues in radiotherapy, the doses incurred by manare not so large as to produce deterministic effects.
After protective measures were instituted, deterministic effects became progressively less frequent, and they are now seen only in the case of accidents or as a side effect of medical radiation therapy.
(a) An observed health effect in an individual could be unequivocally attributed to radiation exposure if the individual were to experience tissue reactions(often referred to as" deterministic" effects), and differential pathological diagnosis were achievable that eliminated possible alternative causes.
All deterministic effects are somatic, that is, they occur in the exposed individual, while stochastic effects can be either somatic(for example, radiation-induced cancer) or hereditary.
If people of varying susceptibility are exposed to radiation,the threshold in a given tissue for deterministic effects of sufficient severity to be observable will be reached at smaller doses in the more sensitive individuals.
The Committee also evaluates current concepts regarding the mechanisms of radiation cancerogenesis, influence of radiation dose and dose rate on stochastic effects, hereditary effects of radiation, medical consequences of exposureto radiation of the developing human brain and late deterministic effects in children.
Although the Committee continues to take an interest in deterministic effects(one of the annexes to the present report is concerned with deterministic effects in children), most of its biological work in recent years has been concerned with stochastic effects in human beings.
Although a value for the threshold dose is difficult to define and may vary according to tissues and measuring techniques, the atomic bombing survivor data show that associations between radiation exposure and the incidence of diseases otherthan cancer can occur at levels of dose below those hitherto considered as thresholds for various so-called deterministic effects.
Joseph E. Fargione, Clarence Lehman and Stephen Polasky demonstrated in 2011 that chance alone,combined with the deterministic effects of compounding returns, can lead to unlimited concentration of wealth, such that the percentage of all wealth owned by a few entrepreneurs eventually approaches 100%.[30][31].
Examples of deterministic effects are the induction of temporary and permanent sterility in the testes and ovaries; depression of the effectiveness of the blood forming system, leading to a decrease in the number of blood cells; skin reddening, desquamation and blistering, possibly leading to a loss of skin surface; induction of opacities in the lens and visual impairment(cataract); and inflammation processes that may occur in any organ.
These effects include acutetissue damage from high radiation doses(so-called deterministic effects), such as those resulting from overexposure in the course of accidents, and late somatic and hereditary effects attributable to low-level radiation doses(so-called stochastic effects). .
A special case of deterministic effect is the radiation syndrome resulting from acute, whole-body irradiation.
Because the proportion ofcells killed depends on dose, the severity of the deterministic effect also depends on dose.
During organ development in utero, deterministic radiation effects are most pronounced at the time when the relevant tissue is being formed.
(e) For direct effects that occur after high(either acute or fractionated)doses(so-called deterministic health effects), the differences in outcome between exposure in childhood and in adulthood are complex and can be explained by the interaction of different tissues and mechanisms.
This type of effect is called deterministic, because it is sure to occur if the dose is large enough.
I'm just saying, in a deterministic event, such as hitting a baseball, there actually is a strict relation between cause and effect.