ikke-sandsynlighedsprã ̧vetagning
non-probability sampling ikke-sandsynlighed prã ̧veudtagning
non-probability sampling ikke-stikprã ̧ver
non-probability sampling
The alternative to probability sampling is non-probability sampling.
Alternativet til stikprà ̧ver er non-stikprà ̧ver.Non-probability sampling includes a huge variety of designs Baker et al.
Ikke-sandsynlighedsprà ̧vetagning omfatter et stort udvalg af designs Baker et al.After reviewing weighting,I will describe two approaches to non-probability sampling.
Efter at have gennemgået vægtning,vil jeg beskrive to tilgange til ikke-stikprà ̧ver.But, non-probability sampling has a terrible reputation among social scientists and statisticians.
Men, ikke-sandsynlighed prà ̧veudtagning har en frygtelig omdà ̧mme blandt samfundsforskere og statistikere.Online panels can use either probability sampling or non-probability sampling.
Online paneler kan bruge enten sandsynlighedsprà ̧vetagning eller ikke-sandsynlighedsprà ̧vetagning.Non-probability sampling, computer-administered interviews, and surveys linked to other data.
Ikke-sandsynlighed prà ̧veudtagning, computer-administrerede interviews, og undersà ̧gelser i forbindelse med andre data.Figure 3.6: Probability sampling in practice and non-probability sampling are both large, heterogeneous categories.
Figur 3.6: Sandsynlighed prà ̧vetagning i praksis og ikke-stikprà ̧ver er både store, heterogene kategorier.One form of non-probability sampling that is particular suited to the digital age is the use of online panels.
En form for ikke-sandsynlighedsprà ̧vetagning, der er specielt velegnet til den digitale tidsalder, er brugen af online paneler.The digital age is making probability sampling in practice harder andis creating new opportunities for non-probability sampling.
Den digitale tidsalder gà ̧r sandsynlighedsprà ̧vetagningen i praksis hårdere ogskaber nye muligheder for ikke-sandsynlighedsprà ̧vetagning.A complementary strategy for working with non-probability sampling is to have more control over the data collection process.
En supplerende strategi for at arbejde med ikke-stikprà ̧ver er at have mere kontrol over indsamlingen af data.In the history of sampling, there have been two competing approaches:probability sampling methods and non-probability sampling methods.
I prà ̧veudtagningens historie har der været to konkurrerende tilgange:sandsynlighedsprà ̧vetagningsmetoder og ikke-sandsynlighedsprà ̧vetagningsmetoder.In other words, in non-probability sampling methods not everyone has a known and nonzero probability of inclusion.
Med andre ord, i ikke-sandsynlighed prà ̧vetagningsmetoder ikke alle har en kendt og nonzero sandsynlighed for integration.Despite these debates,I think there are two reasons why the time is right for social researchers to reconsider non-probability sampling.
På trods af disse debatter mener jeg, atder er to grunde til, at tiden er rigtig for sociale forskere at tage hensyn til ikke-sandsynlighedsprà ̧vetagning.In the future, I expect that non-probability sampling will get better and cheaper while probability sampling will get worse and more expensive.
I fremtiden forventer jeg, at ikke-stikprà ̧ver vil få bedre og billigere, mens stikprà ̧ver vil blive værre og dyrere.However, as I will describe below,changes created by the digital age mean that it is time for researchers to reconsider non-probability sampling.
Men som jeg vil beskrive nedenfor, betyder ændringer,der er skabt af den digitale tidsalder, at det er tid for forskere at genoverveje ikke-sandsynlighedsprà ̧vetagning.Because of these long-term trends,I think that non-probability sampling will become increasingly important in the third era of survey research.
På grund af disse langsigtede tendenser,tror jeg, at ikke-stikprà ̧ver vil blive stadig vigtigere i den tredje æra af undersà ̧gelsen forskning.These methods are different enough from the methods that caused problems in the past that I think it makes sense to think of them as"non-probability sampling 2.0.
Disse metoder er forskellige nok fra de metoder, der forårsagede problemer i fortiden, at jeg synes, det giver mening at tænke på dem som"ikke-sandsynlighed prà ̧veudtagning 2.0.For a more pessimistic view of non-probability sampling methods see the the AAPOR Task Force on Non-probability Sampling Baker et al.
For en mere pessimistisk syn på ikke-sandsynlighed prà ̧veudtagningsmetoder se den AAPOR taskforce om ikke-sandsynlighed Sampling Baker et al.These newer methods are different enough from the methods that caused problems in the past that I think it makes sense to think of them as"non-probability sampling 2.0.
Disse nyere metoder er forskellige nok fra de metoder, der tidligere har forårsaget problemer, som jeg synes, det er fornuftigt at tænke på dem som"ikke-sandsynlighedsprà ̧veudtagning 2.0.There are, in fact, many varieties of non-probability sampling, and these methods of data collection are becoming increasingly common in the digital age.
Der er faktisk mange sorter af ikke-sandsynlighed prà ̧veudtagning, og disse metoder til indsamling af data bliver stadig mere almindelige i den digitale tidsalder.I will start by introducing probability sampling,then move to probability sampling with nonresponse, and finally, non-probability sampling. Probability sampling..
Jeg vil begynde med atindfà ̧re sandsynlighedsprà ̧veudtagning, og derefter flytte til sandsynlighedsprà ̧vetagning med nonresponse og endelig ikke-sandsynlighedsprà ̧vetagning.The second reason why researchers should reconsider non-probability sampling is because probability sampling in practice are become increasingly difficult.
Den anden grund til, at forskere bà ̧r revurdere ikke sandsynlighedsprà ̧vetagning, er fordi sandsynlighedsprà ̧vetagning i praksis er blevet stadig vanskeligere.Although both approaches were used in the early days of sampling,probability sampling has come to dominate, and many social researchers are taught to view non-probability sampling with great skepticism.
Selvom begge tilgange blev brugt i de tidlige prà ̧vetagningsdage, er sandsynlighedsprà ̧vetagningen kommet til at dominere, ogmange sociale forskere læres at se, at der ikke er sandsynlighed for prà ̧veudtagning med stor skepsis.In fact, non-probability sampling is associated with some of the most dramatic failures of survey researchers, such as the Literary Digest fiasco(discussed earlier) and the incorrect prediction about the US presidential elections of 1948("Dewey Defeats Truman") Mosteller 1949; Bean 1950; Freedman, Pisani, and Purves 2007.
Faktisk er der ikke sandsynlighed prà ̧veudtagning i forbindelse med nogle af de mest dramatiske svigt i undersà ̧gelsens forskere, såsom Literary Digest fiasko(omtalt tidligere), og den forkerte forudsigelse om præsidentvalget i 1948("Dewey Nederlag Truman") amerikanske Mosteller 1949; Bean 1950; Freedman, Pisani, and Purves 2007.Researchers are now in the process of creating the third era of survey research that will most likely be characterized by 1 non-probability sampling, 2 computer-administrated interviews, and 3 linking survey data to other data.
Forskerne er nu i færd med at skabe den tredje æra af undersà ̧gelsen forskning, der vil hà ̧jst sandsynligt være præget af en ikke-sandsynlighed prà ̧veudtagning, 2 computer-administreres interviews, og 3, der forbinder undersà ̧gelsens data til andre data.Although things are not yet settled,I expect that the third era of survey research will be characterized by non-probability sampling, computer-administered interviews, and the linkage of surveys to big data sources table 3.1.
Selv om tingene endnu ikke er afklaret,forventer jeg, at den tredje æra af undersà ̧gelsesforskningen vil blive karakteriseret ved ikke-sandsynlighedsprà ̧vetagning, computerstyrede interviews og sammenkobling af undersà ̧gelser til store datakilder tabel 3.1.Further, non-probability samples are substantially cheaper.
Yderligere, ikke-stikprà ̧ver er væsentligt billigere.Not all non-probability samples are the same.
Ikke alle ikke-stikprà ̧ver er de samme.Non-probability samples need not automatically lead to something like the Literary Digest fiasco.
Ikke-sandsynlighedsprà ̧ver behà ̧ver ikke automatisk fà ̧re til noget som den litterære digest fiasco.Unadjusted non-probability samples are likely to produce bad estimates.
Ujusterede ikke-sandsynlighed prà ̧ver tilbà ̧jelige til at producere dårlige skà ̧n.
Results: 30,
Time: 0.0646
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