Examples of using Closed strings in English and their translations into Slovak
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Hole in his side and closed strings.
In contrast, closed strings such as gravitons cannot get stuck.
HE 10 Supersymmetry between forces and matter, with closed strings only; no tachyon;
The gauge group of these closed strings was two copies of E8, and either copy could easily and naturally include the standard model.
Thus open strings attached to the D-branes are not interacting with closed strings.
The gauge group of these closed strings was two copies of E8.
Only bosons, no fermions, meaning only forces, no matter,with both open and closed strings;
When particles are far away from this source,they are described by closed strings(i.e. a gravitational theory, or usually supergravity).
As the particles approach the gravitational source,they can still be described by closed strings;
Supersymmetry between forces and matter, with both open and closed strings, no tachyon, group symmetry is SO(32).
Because the two ends of an open string can always meet and connect,forming a closed string, there are no string theories without closed strings. .
IIA 10 Supersymmetry between forces and matter, with only closed strings bound to D-branes; no tachyon;
As discussed above, from the point of view of closed strings, the D-branes are gravitational sources, and thus we have a gravitational theory on spacetime with some background fields.
Supersymmetry between forces and matter, with both open and closed strings; no tachyon;
In some string theories(namely, closed strings in Type I and some versions of the bosonic string), strings can split and reconnect in an opposite orientation(as in a Möbius strip or a Klein bottle).
HO 10 Supersymmetry between forces and matter, with closed strings only; no tachyon;
Miguel Virasoro andJoel Shapiro found a different amplitude now understood to be that of closed strings, while Ziro Koba and Holger Nielsen generalized Veneziano's integral representation to multiparticle scattering.
Because the ends of openstrings can join together to form closed strings, you can't construct a string theory without closed strings. .
Calculation of closed string staircases.
On the bottom of the closed string 3.
Comma-separated list of the beginning and closing string for special areas.
A closed string looks like a small loop, so its worldsheet will look like a pipe or, more generally, a Riemann surface.
For example, in most string theories one of the closed string modes is the graviton, and one of the open string modes is the photon.
For example, if a closed string splits, its worldsheet will look like a single pipe splitting into two pipes.
A closed string looks like a small loop, so its worldsheet will look like a pipe or, more generally, a Riemann surface(a two-dimensional oriented manifold) with no boundaries(i.e. no edge).
For example, if a closed string splits, its worldsheet will look like a single pipe splitting(or connected) to two pipes(often referred to as a pair of pants- see drawing at right).
The beginning and closing string of special areas, separated by a comma. Special areas are not parsed according to this DTD's rules, but according to their own rules. A special area can be a pseudo DTD, a comment or something like that, for example lt;!--nbsp;--gt;

