Examples of using Quantum numbers in English and their translations into Vietnamese
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Quantum numbers n, l and ml.
Write out the set of four quantum numbers for the last electron.
The quantum numbers determine the layout of these nodes.[12] There are.
In how many elements does the last electron have the quantum numbers of n= 4 and l= 1?
Each electron's quantum numbers are unique and cannot be shared by another electron in that atom.
The electron wave functions that arederived from Schrödinger's theory are characterized by several quantum numbers.
The result was formulae in which quantum numbers were related to observable radiation frequencies and intensities.
Therefore, any eigenstate of the electron in thehydrogen atom is described fully by four quantum numbers.
This introduces two additional quantum numbers, which correspond to the orbital angular momentum and its projection on the chosen axis.
Probability densities through the xz-plane for the electron at different quantum numbers(ℓ, across top; n, down side; m= 0).
Each set of these three quantum numbers corresponds to exactly one orbital, but the quantum numbers occur in only certain combinations of values.
Therefore the only way to occupy the same orbital,i.e. have the same orbital quantum numbers, is to differ in the spin quantum number.
In addition, any hadron may contain an indefinite number of virtual quarks,antiquarks and gluons that contribute nothing to the quantum numbers.
Hence, any set of particles may be produced whose total quantum numbers are also zero as long as conservation of energy and conservation of momentum are obeyed.
Specifically, for each electron in an atom, Slater wished to determine shielding constants(s)and"effective" quantum numbers(n*) such that.
The next step will be to determine the quantum numbers of these new particles(the numbers used to identify the properties of a specific particle) as well as determining their theoretical significance.
Therefore, the energy eigenstatesmay be classified by two angular momentum quantum numbers, ℓ and m(both are integers).
The next step will be the determination of the quantum numbers of these new particles- characteristic numbers used to identify the properties of a specific particle- and the determination of their theoretical significance.
Apart from these, any hadron may contain an indefinite number of virtual quarks,antiquarks and gluons which together contribute nothing to their quantum numbers.
The photon is the gauge boson for electromagnetism, and therefore all other quantum numbers of the photon(such as lepton number, baryon number, and flavour quantum numbers) are zero.
In addition, any hadron may contain an indefinite number of virtual quarks,antiquarks and gluons that contribute nothing to the quantum numbers.
Sommerfeld retained Bohr's planetary model,but added mildly elliptical orbits(characterized by additional quantum numbers ℓ and m) to explain the fine spectroscopic structure of some elements.
Apart from these, any hadron may contain an indefinite number of virtual quarks, antiquarks,and gluons which together contribute nothing to their quantum numbers.
On the other hand, in quantum phenomena one obtains quantum numbers, which are rarely found in mechanics but occur very frequently in wave phenomena and in all problems dealing with wave motion.
The rules the electrons follow to orient themselves around theiratom are simple once the rules governing the quantum numbers are understood.
It also yields two other quantum numbers and the shape of the electron's wave function("orbital") for the various possible quantum-mechanical states, thus explaining the anisotropic character of atomic bonds.
By giving the atom additional energy(for example, by the absorption of a photon of an appropriate energy),the electron is able to move into an excited state(one with one or more quantum numbers greater than the minimum possible).
He realized that if you assigned quantum numbers(later named quantum spin) to these electrons, then there seemed to be some sort of principle which meant that no two of the electrons could be in exactly the same state.
Taking into account the spin of the electron adds a last quantum number, the projection of the electron's spin angular momentum along the z-axis, which can take on two values. Therefore, any eigenstate of the electron in the hydrogen atom is described fully by four quantum numbers.
Sommerfeld retained Bohr's planetary model,but added mildly elliptical orbits(characterized by additional quantum numbers ℓ and m) to explain the fine spectroscopic structure of some elements.[3] The multiple electrons with the same principal quantum number(n) had close orbits that formed a"shell" of positive thickness instead of the infinitely thin circular orbit of Bohr's model.