Примеры использования Mercury emissions to air на Английском языке и их переводы на Русский язык
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Global anthropogenic mercury emissions to air.
One way of reducing mercury emissions to air is periodic purging of CKD to remove mercury adsorbed on the particles from the system.
Information submitted relating to mercury emissions to air.
Without reliable estimates of mercury emissions to air, the viability and success of measures to control them cannot be assessed.
Schematic description of procedure for deriving scenarios for mercury emissions to air.
Trends in global mercury emissions to air.
Reduce mercury emissions to air from medical, municipal, and hazardous waste incinerators and reduce migration and emission of mercury from landfills.
Several Asian countries have produced national estimates of mercury emissions to air using the UNEP Toolkit, as follows.
Of the total estimated mercury emissions to air in 2005 of 1921 tonnes, combustion of fossil fuels in power plants and industrial boilers contributes about 500 tonnes 26 per cent.
This report on emissions is based on the comprehensive global inventory for mercury emissions to air which was prepared for the year 2005 UNEP/AMAP, 2008.
The anthropogenic mercury emissions to air in Chile were estimated to be in the range 1.7- 9 tonnes per year(Government of Chile, 2008); this is lower than the estimate of 12.6 tonnes in the UNEP/AMAP(2008) report.
The status quo scenario assumes that current patterns, practises anduses that result in mercury emissions to air will continue.
Masekoameng et al(2010) have estimated mercury emissions to air from South African sources for the time period 2000-2006.
In cement production there are process integrated mechanisms andoperating conditions that allow cement kilns to enhance mercury capture and reduce mercury emissions to air Senior, 2010, Renzoni et al, 2010.
Other reports estimated the mercury emissions to air from measuring and control devices in the United States at 6.2 tons per year.
Major assessment of costs andenvironmental effectiveness of options for reducing mercury emissions to air from small scale combustion installations.
Revised estimates of anthropogenic mercury emissions to air(tonnes) in 1990, 1995, 2000 and 2005 from different continents/regions. Source: AMAP, 2010.
As is evident from Figure 1, stationary combustion of coal in power plants and in residential heating andother combustion sources is the largest single source category of anthropogenic mercury emissions to air.
The purpose of this report is to provide an overview of mercury emissions to air, control options in selected sectors and their efficiencies and costs.
By using a combination of annual information on activity in combination with South Africa specific emission factors andUNEP-toolkit based emission factors mercury emissions to air were estimated from each activity.
In the emissions and the relative contribution to global mercury emissions to air in 2005 from the sectors selected for consideration in this current study are presented in the top five rows.
Energy generation and a number of other high-temperature industrial processes, such as non-ferrous metal smelting, some large-scale gold production processes and cement production,produce important levels of unintentional mercury emissions to air.
In recent years several countries have produced their own national inventories of mercury emissions to air, and made these available to UNEP for use in the current study.
Avoiding mercury entering the waste stream or pre-treatment of the waste such as separating andremoving mercury-containing material before the waste is introduced into the incinerator is the most important primary measure to reduce mercury emissions to air.
Overall, when adding'unintentional' and'intentional use'sector sources the total level of mercury emissions to air on the global scale has been relatively stable from 1990-2005.
The figure shows that anthropogenic mercury emissions to air have increased substantially in Asia, and to a much lesser extent in Africa and South America, while emissions in Europe, Europe-Asia(Russia) and North America have decreased from 1990 to 2005.
According to the UNEP/AMAP(2008) report, in 2005,Asian countries contributed about 67 per cent to the global mercury emissions to air from anthropogenic sources, followed by North America and Europe UNEP/AMAP 2008.
The zero draft of the study provides a compilation of publicly available knowledge on mercury emissions to air; an overview of future scenarios for mercury emissions and initial assumptions to be used in preparing scenarios; a brief description of the sectors selected for the study; a description of how mercury enters various processes and where and how it is released to air; and information on control options and their associated costs.
Coal combustion in power plants andindustrial boilers was estimated to contribute 26 per cent of the total global mercury emissions to air in 2005.*/ The three largest emitters represent 63 per cent of the total global emissions. .
Revised estimates of total global anthropogenic mercury emissions to air(tonnes) from'by-product' and'intentional-use' emission sectors in 1990, 1995, 2000 and 2005.(WD Waste Disposal, CSP Caustic Soda Production) Source: AMAP, 2010.