Примеры использования Nefs на Английском языке и их переводы на Русский язык
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NEFs that are created as trust funds are most typical for nature conservation funds.
It is evident that for donors, NEFs are not a substitute for delivering development aid directly.
NEFs may also be better able to undertake innovative financing arrangements than government ministries. 4/.
In addition, some bilateral donors andIFIs may face problems finding local counterpart funding, and NEFs can provide resources for co-financing.
Some nefs had wheels to allow them to be rolled from one end of the table to the other, but most had legs or pedestals.
Moreover, experience has shown that legal safeguards for donors can be ensured through the use of revocability clauses andchecks and balances in the management and voting procedures of NEFs.
In addition to NEFs funded by earmarked revenue sources, in a number of countries externally funded NEFs have been established.
For example, as far as the issue of a lack of concern for general development objectives is concerned,it is evident that many NEFs do go beyond immediate environmental concerns to address the social and economic causes of environmental problems.
However, NEFs have actually been able to mobilize and attract funds for environmental purposes that may not have been available otherwise.
Bilateral donors may find that using the NEFs as intermediaries for financing environmental investments can provide a number of advantages.
NEFs also received financial support from other donors, such as Canada, Norway, the United States and the Global Environment Facility.
The experience of developing countries with NEFs has shown that the use of these funds is often based on ad hoc decisions, emergencies or political priorities.
Furthermore, NEFs in the Philippines, Colombia and Uganda have demonstrated that participation of local communities in the decision-making process can be ensured.
Other important areas of concern are that NEFs may not be well equipped to offer donors the visibility they require and incur rather high administrative costs.
Nefs in the Middle Ages and Renaissance Links to nefs in museums, as well as medieval illustrations of nefs, demonstrating the range of uses for pre-17th century nefs. .
Although the majority of externally funded NEFs tackle nature and biodiversity conservation issues, several NEFs were established with pollution abatement objectives.
NEFs are a tool that donors can call upon when approaching the problems of any particular country; it is important that over the coming years efforts be made to further develop that tool.
External resources may be channelled through NEFs in the form of grants or concessional(soft) loans from bilateral donors, or market-rate loans from international financial institutions(IFIs) or international commercial banks.
Although NEFs may function as catalysts to mobilize private enterprise resources, without significantly increasing the level of environmental charges the role of these financing mechanisms remains marginal. B. Mobilizing private financing for sustainable development.
The experience of countries with economies in transition has shown that NEFs are financing instruments that play a significant role in redistributing and allocating revenues to investments in priority areas that reduce environmental damage in a cost-effective way.
Externally funded NEFs are typically established through multilateral or bilateral grant contributions or debt-for-nature swaps.
The following discussion of NEFs in OECD countries, economies in transition and developing countries analyses why, in spite of the misgivings, these funds have maintained some attraction as a source of environmental finance.
In the past five years, more than 20 NEFs have been established in developing countries, mainly where economic growth was accompanied by serious environmental degradation that led to government intervention, and where outlays from the general budget for the environment sector were inadequate.
Expenditure- The NEF and LEFs have become the main source of environmental financing since 2000.
For instance, the NEF is managed by a one-person secretariat within MENR.
This money is collected every month and kept in the NEF.
New year‘s Kaleidoscope-2002, Nef Gallery, Kiev;
Sol E Nef offers apartments with views of the Dolomites and free WiFi.
Nef file extension Nikon Electronic Format RAW Image.
Description NEF otherwise known as the Nikon Electronic Format is Nikon's RAW file format.