Примеры использования Real exchange rate на Английском языке и их переводы на Русский язык
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Balance of payments is cleared by changing real exchange rate;
A competitive real exchange rate seems to be critical in this regard.
Energy exporters risk that the increased export revenues lead to real exchange rate appreciation and loss of competitiveness.
A A higher real exchange rate signifies a real depreciation of the local currency.
The large non-oil deficit puts upward pressure on the real exchange rate, hindering diversification of the economy.
The real exchange rate and economic growth, Brookings Papers on Economic Activity, Vol.
High tariffs and administrative restraints also raise the inputs costs of production for export andindirectly put pressure on the real exchange rate.
A slightly undervalued real exchange rate increases the chances of a successful industrial development.
For resource rich countries the need for the special policy to lower the real exchange rate is especially pressing to avoid Dutch disease.
Consequently, such real exchange rate changes have to be subject to multilateral oversight and negotiations.
In particular, the IMF emphasizes,that there is a large level of uncertainty in assessing the potential growth of the economy and the equilibrium real exchange rate.
For the first six months of 1997, the real exchange rate of the rouble with relation to the dollar increased by 4.14 per cent Fig. 5.
The massive inflow of foreign capital throughout much of the 1990s caused a downward trend in the real exchange rate in many countries of the region.
The accompanying figure thus shows the real exchange rate of each of the four South-East Asian countries as measured against the yuan.
The experts, sta ng also that there is high growth in exports,have pointed to a strong correla on between imports in value terms and a strengthening rouble's real exchange rate.
Real exchange rate appreciation eroded the competitiveness of other manufacturing exports and hampered export diversification.
The massive inflow of external capital has led to real exchange rate appreciation which, in turn, is contributing to the goal of reducing inflation.
Even more important for industrial development than fluctuations in the exchange rate, are unfavourable real exchange rate trend dynamics‘chronic overvaluation.
This overvalued real exchange rate acts like a uniform tax on Kyrgyz exports and undermines the competitiveness of Kyrgyz products.
Developing countries that are able to maintain a competitive real exchange rate have tended to fare better in terms of economic growth.
The expected effects of accession include increased competition from lowered tariffs, fewer subsidies, cost pressures from rising real wages and, most likely,an appreciating real exchange rate.
Thus, at the end of November 2001 the real exchange rate of MDL as against USD depreciated by 2.4% as compared to the end of the previous year.
In the absence of selective export promotion policies, competitiveness depends on the behaviour of real wages and the real exchange rate, as well as on productivity growth.
In practice, most empirical studies relate the real exchange rate or trade flows to their observed determinants on the basis of relationships.
Moreover, debt sustainability is a forward-looking concept that requires long-run projections on several macroeconomic variables i.e. output growth, tax rates, interest rates, commodity prices and the real exchange rate.
Import duties raise the real exchange rate(level of prices in the country as compared to the world), whereas real devaluation lowers the real exchange rate. .
Tradable parts of these sectors would respond positively to price incentives associated with some real exchange rate depreciation caused by the sharp reduction in gold exports.
Export growth in the medium andlong run requires a competitive and stable real exchange rate, as well as coordinated industrial policy initiatives to develop a country's competitive advantages in strategically important sectors.
For oil-exporting countries the most urgent need is to prevent the influx of export revenues from leading to real exchange rate appreciation and loss of competitiveness in nonoil sectors.
Export growth in more diversified economies requires a competitive and stable real exchange rate, in addition to coordinated industrial policy initiatives aimed at developing the competitive advantages of those countries in strategically important sectors.