Примеры использования Trade in professional services на Английском языке и их переводы на Русский язык
{-}
-
Official
-
Colloquial
National experiences of trade in professional services.
The experience of developing countries clearly shows the possible developmental gains accruing to them from trade in professional services.
There is today a huge potential for regional trade in professional services in developing regions.
Liberalization of trade in professional services in this case is achieved as part of the regional liberalization of trade in services. .
Different RTAs have achieved various degrees of success in liberalizing trade in professional services.
Also in the case of intra-South trade in professional services, restrictions impede that trade. .
What are the positive experiences of developing countries in promoting development and trade in professional services?
The legal framework is liberal in the area of trade in professional services, allowing for any form of establishment, and the market is free to set its prices.
Government procurement practices, which discriminate in favour of domestic suppliers,have a significant impact on trade in professional services.
It was indicated that disciplines on domestic regulation could contribute to trade in professional services supplied through movement of natural persons mode 4.
Aside from this, countries are also engaged in discussions relating to recognition issues,all of which relate to facilitating trade in professional services.
The increase in the share of developing countries' trade in professional services and strengthening the participation of developing countries in new and dynamic sectors of international trade. .
Governments were encouraged to promote progress in the area of MRAs in the interest of increasing developing countries' trade in professional services.
This note examines factors affecting trade in professional services and conditions under which developing countries could increase their contribution to global services trade. .
The analysis of the experiences of the Andean Community, CARICOM andMERCOSUR highlighted different approaches to liberalizing trade in professional services at the regional level.
The Expert Meeting will explore,on the basis of different professions, the main features of trade in professional services and associated regulatory frameworks and their contribution to the development of developing countries.
Progress on recognition of qualifications of professionals from developing countries would be one of the building blocks for increasing their contribution to trade in professional services.
Mechanisms are needed to address liability issues as this would facilitate trade in professional services through all modes, particularly Mode 1.
Clear definition is needed for policy formulation,for developing comparable indicators to assess professional services across countries and to measure trade in professional services.
Recognition issues are considered to be the main obstacle specifically affecting trade in professional services, and most RTAs incorporate mandates to address this issuein order to make free trade of professional services a reality.
These issues need to be addressed as a matter of priority in the domestic agenda of developing countries in order toincrease their participation in international trade in professional services.
The increased participation of developing countries in international trade in professional services and ensuring development gains from trade require, besides the lifting of market access restrictions, that the issue of existing market entry barriers be addressed effectively.
Experts put forward their views on how Governments of developed and developing countries could play an active role,at the national level and in multilateral negotiations, in promoting trade in professional services.
The impact of qualification requirements and procedures on recognition was also discussed-- how they act as barriers to trade in professional services(e.g. owing to the multiplicity of layers of government, examination procedures and topics)-- and possible elements of future disciplines to address them.
Therefore, trade negotiators, professionals and policy makers from all countries are on a steep learning curve, seeking to improve their understanding of issues and interlinkages with respect to trade in professional services.
In that context, the meeting will address the new realities of international trade in professional services and current negotiations on services at the multilateral and regional levels, assessing their role in contributing to the attainment of national development objectives in this area.
While this has so far primarily affected unskilled workers, some skilled and professional workers have also been affected by developments,such as the increasing trade in professional services and increased immigration of skilled professionals from developing countries.
For example, in developing export trade in services, combinations of different modes of supply are often required, for example, movements of persons and cross border trade through information networks for trade in computer related services, or cross-border,movement of persons and capital for trade in professional services.
The main difficulties that developing countries face with respect to accessing and using information networks anddistribution channels to increase their participation in world trade in professional services result mainly from a shortage of technological, financial and human resources.
Regarding(iv) regulatory cooperation, domestic regulation measures such as qualification requirements also determine the level of liberalization, since such requirements often constitute important market entry barriers to services trade, for example trade in professional services.