Приклади вживання Hadrons Англійська мовою та їх переклад на Українською
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Mesons are hadrons with zero baryon number.
The π-meson has the smallest mass among the hadrons: mπ≈ 1/7(mp).
There may be hadrons which lie outside the quark model.
These quantum numbers are labels identifying the hadrons, and are of two kinds.
Constructing hadrons as bound states of fewer constituents would thus organize the"zoo" at hand.
The following period, when quarks became confined within hadrons, is known as the hadron epoch.
The color charge is an abstractconcept that explains the interaction of quarks and the formation of other particles- hadrons.
Composite particles(such as hadrons, nuclei, and atoms) can be bosons or fermions depending on their constituents.
This apparently indicates theexistence of a new type of interaction of neutrinos with hadrons and leptons through so-called neutral currents.
Since the force between color charges does not decrease with distance, it isbelieved that quarks and gluons can never be liberated from hadrons.
Then, in a phase transition, they combined and formed hadrons, among them the building blocks of atomic nuclei, protons and neutrons.
In physical cosmology, the hadron epoch was the period in the evolution of the early universe during which the mass of the universe was dominated by hadrons.
For example, if spacetime was indeed a product of quarks and hadrons, then its properties, including the velocity of light, should also be emergent.
With the invention of bubble chambers and spark chambers in the 1950s, experimental particle physics discovered a large andever-growing number of particles called hadrons.
Therefore, the precedent for asymmetric weak force decay among neutral hadrons is already established, although we do not understand why this occurs.
The average number of secondary particles<n>(average multiplicity) slowly increases with the energy E andis virtually independent of the type of hadrons colliding(Figure 1).
For example, if space-time really was a product of quarks and hadrons, then its properties, including the speed of light, would also have to be emergent.
With the invention of bubble chambers and spark chambers in the 1950s, experimental particle physics discovered a large andever-growing number of particles called hadrons.
Perhaps the most important of these manypairings is that between the leptons(alternative charge carriers) and hadrons(mass carriers), illustrated here by the electron and proton.
I think the binding principle involves tying a“knot” in the dimensional(metric) structure of spacetime- matter has a specific dimensional topology,and perhaps more than one(leptons vs hadrons).
Hadrons are characterized primarily by the fact that they participate in the strong interactions, as well as in the electromagnetic and weak interactions, whereas leptons participate only in the electromagnetic and weak interactions.
The emergence of spacetime may be associated with changes in theorganization of matter occurring at a scale of quarks and hadrons in the more primary, six-dimensional phase space.
But if space-time is the product of quarks and hadrons, the dependence will be inverse: the discrete property of matter should enhance the discreteness of space-time,“says Zenchikovsky and adds:” Planck relied on mathematics.
The strong interactions binding the quarks together are insensitive to these quantum numbers,so variation of them leads to systematic mass and coupling relationships among the hadrons in the same flavor multiplet.
However, if spacetime was a product of quarks and hadrons, the dependence would be reversed: the discrete character of matter should then enforce the discreteness of spacetime!” says Prof. Zenczykowski, and adds:“ Planck was guided by mathematics.
It is believed that in the period prior to 10-6 seconds after the Big Bang(the quark epoch), the universe was filled with quark-gluon plasma,as the temperature was too high for hadrons to be stable.[98].
In his article in Foundations of Science, Zenchikovsky systematizes the observations of various authors on the formation of space-time andargues that the hypothesis of its formation on the scale of quarks and hadrons(or quark aggregates) is quite reasonable for several reasons.