Приклади вживання Ion beam Англійська мовою та їх переклад на Українською
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Ion Beam Shepherd.
Project“space sheppard” with ion beam. ideas and problems.
Cold atoms could replace hot gallium in focused ion beams.
In some embodiments, ion beams for irradiating biomass materials include positively-charged ions. .
Illustrations, schemes and figures explaining the working principles of the Ion Beam Shepherd concept and its possible applications.
For example, ion beams can include mixtures of two or more(e.g., three, four or more) different types of ions. .
The article is devoted to the improvement of the technology forcontactless space debris removal called"Ion Beam Shepherd".
For example, in some embodiments, ion beams can include relatively light ions, such as protons and/or helium ions. .
More generally, mixtures of any of the ions discussed above(or any other ions) can be used to form irradiating ion beams.
In general, the ion beams can also include more complex polynuclearions that bear multiple positive or negative charges.
The device for electron beam irradiation can be obtained commercially from Ion Beam Applications, Louvan-La-Neuve, Belgium or the Titan Corporation, San Diego, California.
In general, the ion beams can also include more complex polynuclearions that bear multiple positive or negative charges.
After selecting the target“cleaner” suited to space debris and“blowing” it ion beam(directional flow of ions), giving a rate of slightly less debris 11 m/ s.
In principle, ion beams also could produce better images of nanoscale surface features than conventional electron microscopy.
Electron beam irradiation devices may be procured commercially from Ion Beam Applications, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium or from Titan Corporation, San Diego, CA.
Focused ion beams can directly remove material, or even deposit material when suitable precursor gasses are applied at the same time.
Researchers have tried using other typesof ions but were unable to produce the brightness or intensity necessary for the ion beam to cut into most materials.
The preceding discussion has focused on ion beams that include mononuclear ions and/or neutral particles(e.g., atomic ions and neutral atoms).
The same technique, says McClelland, can be used with a wide variety of other atoms, which could be selected for special tasks such as milling nanoscale features without introducing contaminants,or to enhance contrast for ion beam microscopy.
For example, ion beams can include positive and/or negativeions and/or neutral particles formed from species such as N2, O2, H2, CH4, and other molecular species.
Sputtering Illustrations,schemes and figures analyzing the sputtering phenomenon due to the Ion Beam- Target interaction, and the backsputtering pollution upon the Ion Beam Shepherd.
Ion beam techniques are widely used in the microelectronics industry to tailor the conductivity of semiconductors such as silicon, but attempts to adapt this process to plastic films have been made since the 1980s with only limited success- until now.
LEOSWEEP is a 3-year EUfunded FP7 project devoted to the development of the ion beam shepherd(IBS) technology for the removal of large debris object from crowded regions in low earth orbit(LEO).
The LEOSWEEP project is aimed to create conditions for the near future work on a large-scaleremoval of debris with the help of technology that uses an ion beam to create braking forces for the subsequent removal of space debris from the orbit(Slide 7).
What the team has beenable to do here is use an ion beam to tune the properties of a plastic film so that it conducts electricity like the metals used in the electrical wires themselves, and even to act as a superconductor and pass electric current without resistance if cooled to low enough temperature," says Professor Meredith.
The book is written for professionalsworking in the field of surface modification by using ion beams and plasma flows, materials, can be useful for graduate students and professors who specialize in the field of solid state physics.