Примери за използване на Labor-process на Английски и техните преводи на Български
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The labor-process itself is determined by the time.
Suppose its use-value in the labor-process to last only six days.
The labor-process requires a variable capital of 100 p. st.
The conservation due to use in the labor-process is a natural and free gift of living labor.
It is for 18 months in the process of production before it can enter into the labor-process proper.
Хората също превеждат
Is expended during 6 weeks in the labor-process and then kept fallow during the period of circulation of 3 weeks.
The same things form constituent parts of the circulating or fixed capital,according to whether they perform this or that function in the labor-process.
The time of production naturally includes the period of the labor-process, but is not comprised in it.
At the end of every labor-process, we get a result that already existed in the imagination of the laborer at its commencement.”.
We have seen that the laborer, during one portion of the labor-process, produces only the value of his labor-power….
True, the aggregate of the periods of turn-over is prolonged thereby, butthis prolongation does not imply any additional capital for the labor-process.
We know that the same use-value,which comes as a product from one labor-process, passes as a means of production into another.
Periodical interruptions of the labor-process by night, etc., interrupt the function of these instruments of production, but not their location on the place of production.
Finally, the value of the constant part of capital,which continues in the productive process although the labor-process is interrupted, re-appears in the result of the productive process.
But they are entirely consumed in every labor-process which they enter, and must therefore be replaced by new specimens of their kind in every new labor-process. .
The determination of what is fixed or circulating capital, in its turn,is based on the definite roles played by these elements in the labor-process, and therefore also in the process of the formation of value.
We have seen in volume I that the means of production in every labor-process, regardless of the social conditions in which it takes place, are divided into instruments of labor and objects of labor.
One of the most obvious peculiarities of the process of rotation of industrial capital, and therefore of capitalist production, is the fact that on the one side, the component elements of productive capital are derived from the commodity-market, are continually renewed out of it, and are sold as commodities; that, on the other side,the product of the labor-process comes forth from it as a commodity and must be continually sold over and over as a commodity.
As in the preceding case, so there is now in the labor-process of each week a variable capital of 100 p. st., or of 5000 p. st., in 50 weeks.
The technical conditions of the labor-process may be revolutionized to such an extent that where formerly ten men using ten implements of small value worked up a relatively small quantity of raw material, one man may now, with the aid of one expensive machine, work up a hundred times as much raw material….
Since the working period required for the completion of the productive act lasts three months, andforms one connected labor-process, a new quantity of circulating capital must be continually added week after week to the preceding quantity.
But the process of production itself may require interruptions of the labor-process, and thus of the labor time, and during such pauses the object of labor is exposed to the influence of physical processes without the intervention of human labor.
The process of production, and thus the function of the means of production,continue in this case, although the labor-process, and thus the function of the means of production as instruments of labor, have been interrupted.
He starts out, then, from the various constituents of the labor-process, from labor-power(labor) and raw materials on one side, and instruments of labor on the other.
It is furthermore evident that, all other circumstances being equal,the magnitude of the released capital grows with the volume of the labor-process, or with the scale of production, or with the development of capitalist production in general.
In so far as the reproduction process is checked and the labor-process is restricted or in some instances is completely stopped, real capital is destroyed.
The money-capital released by the mere mechanism of the movement of turn-over(together with the successive reflux of fixed capital andthe money-capital required in every labor-process for variable capital) must play an important role, as soon as the credit system develops, and must at the same time be one of its foundations.