Примери за използване на Labour-process на Английски и техните преводи на Български
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It is otherwise with the subjective factor of the labour-process, with labour-power in action.
At the same time, though with diminishing vitality, the machine as a whole continues to take part in the labour-process.
This maintenance resulting from use in the labour-process is a free gift inherent in the nature of living labour.
It stays 18 months in the process of production before it can enter into the labour-process proper.
The labour-process is a process between things that the capitalist has purchased, things that have become his property.
A portion of the instruments of labour acquires this social character before the labour-process itself does so.
At the end of every labour-process, we get a result that already existed in the imagination of the labourer at its commencement.”.
The value of the labour-power, andthe value which that labour-power creates in the labour-process, are two different magnitudes.
So far as the labour-process is purely individual, one and the same labourer unites in himself all the functions, that later on become separated.
This transfer takes place during the conversion of those means into a product, orin other words, during the labour-process.
We know that a use-value which emerges as a product from one labour-process enters into another as a means of production.
In considering the labour-process, we began by treating it in the abstract, apart from its historical forms, as a process between man and Nature.
Even without an alteration in the system of working, the simultaneous employment of a large number of labourers effects a revolution in the material conditions of the labour-process.
IN considering the labour-process, we began(see Chapter VII.) by treating it in the abstract, apart from its historical forms, as a process between man and nature.
In order that variable capital may perform its function, constant capital must be advanced in proper proportion,a proportion given by the special technical conditions of each labour-process.
Thus it appears that one factor of the labour-process, a means of production, continually enters as a whole into that process, while it enters into the process of the formation of value by fractions only.
By the co-operation of numerous wage-labourers, the sway of capital develops into a requisite for carrying on the labour-process itself, into a real requisite of production.
We know, however, from what has gone before, that the labour-process may continue beyond the time necessary to reproduce and incorporate in the product a mere equivalent for the value of the labour-power.
But we cannot, except by a miracle, convert into capital anything butsuch articles as can be employed in the labour-process(i.e., means of production), and means of subsistence.
In the labour-process it only serves as a mere use-value, a thing with useful properties, and could not, therefore, transfer any value to the product, unless it possessed such value previously.”.
To the extent that it seizes control of social production, the technique andsocial organisation of the labour-process are revolutionised and with them the economico-historical type of society.
From his point of view, the labour-process is nothing more than the consumption of the commodity purchased, i.e., of labour-power; but this consumption cannot be effected except by supplying the labour-power with the means of production.
By means of machinery, chemical processes and other methods, it is continually causing changes not only in the technical basis of production, but also in the functions of the labourer, andin the social combinations of the labour-process.
But they are entirely consumed in every labour-process which they enter and must therefore be wholly replaced by new means of production of the same kind in every new labour-process.
The means of production on the one hand, labour-power on the other,are merely the different modes of existence which the value of the original capital assumed when from being money it was transformed into the various factors of the labour-process.
But we cannot, except, by a miracle, convert into capital anything butsuch articles as can be employed in the labour-process(i.e. means of production), and such further articles as are suitable for the sustenance of the labourer,(i.e. means of subsistence).
In so far then as labour is such specific productive activity, in so far as it is spinning, weaving, or forging, it raises, by mere contact, the means of production from the dead,makes them living factors of the labour-process, and combines with them to form the new products.
If the value of these things, of the means of production,is transferred to the product in the labour-process, the value of those other things, the means of subsistence, reappears in the labour-power that consumes them and is likewise transferred to the product by the functioning of this power.
Hence we see, that whether a use-value is to be regarded as raw material, as instrument of labour, or as product,this is determined entirely by its function in the labour-process, by the position it there occupies: as this varies, so does its character.
The labour-process… is human action with a view to the production of use-values, appropriation of natural substances to human requirements; it is the necessary condition for effecting exchange of matter between man and Nature; it is the everlasting nature-imposed condition of human existence, and therefore is independent of every social phase of that existence, or rather, in common to every such phase.”.