Examples of using Timing reference in English and their translations into Arabic
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Colloquial
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Political
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Ecclesiastic
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Ecclesiastic
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Computer
GPS support for precision digital timing reference.
The distance from the timing reference is divided into strata.
There are various sources that aNTP time server can use as a timing reference.
The importance of an authenticated timing reference to synchronise a computer network to, cannot be stressed highly enough.
NTP is a protocol designed to synchronise computers andnetwork devices to an external timing reference.
Authentication is a security measure used by NTP to ensure a timing reference is coming from where it says it is from.
Each GPS satellite can only do this by utilising an atomic clock which in turncan be can be used as a timing reference.
Always use an external hardware source as a timing reference as time sources from the Internet can not be authenticated.
However, by using the inbuilt NTP application or daemon on a computer will result in thedevice using a source of internet time as a timing reference.
The Internet is an obvious source, however, internet timing references from the Internet such as nist. gov and windows.
Working Group D on reference frames, timing and applications noted excellent progress in the work of its two task forces with regard to standard descriptions of geodetic and timing references for existing and planned systems.
Another method to receive a UTC timing reference is to use the onboard atomic clocks on GPS(Global Positioning System) network.
Most network time servers use NTP(Network Time Protocol)to distribute the timing reference throughout the network.
However, each satellite's highly accurate atomic clock timing reference can also be used by NTP(Network Time Protocol) servers to synchronise computer networks using the highly accurate GPS time as an external reference. .
NTP can supportalmost limitless strata although the further away from the timing reference you go the less accurate it will be.
Relying on an Internet based timing references can also leave a network open to malicious users as they can not utilise NTP authentication whichis a security measure used to ensure a timing reference is what it says it is.
A simple GPS antenna connected to the time server will allow the GPS timing reference to be regularly checked by the time server.
However, it must be noted that Internet based timing references can't be authenticated and may leave a network vulnerable to malicious attacks such as DDoS(Distributed Denial of Service- normally caused by malware that floods a server with traffic) that blocks access.
Computer networks use the NTP protocol(Network Time Protocol)to receive a UTC timing reference and synchronise all machines on a network to that time.
They are used as timing references or"clock signals", because their fast transitions are suitable for triggering synchronous logic circuits at precisely determined intervals. However, as the frequency-domain graph shows, square waves contain a wide range of harmonics; these can generate electromagnetic radiation or pulses of current that interfere with other nearby circuits, causing noise or errors. To avoid this problem in very sensitive circuits such as precision analog-to-digital converters, sine waves are used instead of square waves as timing references. .
Firstly Internet timing sources can't be authenticated;authentication is NTP's in-built security measure and ensures that a timing reference is coming from where it says it is.
Even those machines that are synchronised can fall victim,especially when the use the Internet as a timing reference which allows an open door for malicious users to inject a virus into your network.
Microsoft, who has installed a version of NTP in their operating systems since Windows 2000,strongly recommends that a hardware source is used as a timing reference as Internet sources can't be authenticated.
It must be noted however, that Microsoft andother operating system manufacturers strongly advise that external timing references should be used as Internet sources can't be authenticated.
Because of the advancement in satellite navigation technologies and the increased coverage of the American GPS satellite network,many more administrators are choosing GPS as a source for a timing reference to synchronize their time servers too.
Specific progress was noted in(a) the refinement of the alignments of GNSS-associated reference frames to the latest realization of the International Terrestrial Reference System(ITRF2008),and(b) on timing references in relation to rapid Coordinated Universal Time(UTCr), the BIPM publication and GNSS time offsets.
Reference frames and timing.
Timing and frequency reference generators locked to GPS.
Report of the Working Group on Reference Frames, Timing and Applications.
The two organizations also co-lead the ICG Working Group on Reference Frames, Timing and Applications.