Examples of using Computation projects in English and their translations into Norwegian
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Ecclesiastic
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Ecclesiastic
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Computer
Galaxy Zoo shows the evolution of many human computation projects.
Human computation projects take a big problem, break it into simple pieces, send them to many workers, and then aggregate the results.
Galaxy Zoo is a good illustration of how many human computation projects evolve.
Two clever human computation projects that I did not have space to discuss are the ESP Game(Ahn and Dabbish 2004) and reCAPTCHA(Ahn et al. 2008).
How does this impact your thoughts about the design, quality, andethics of human computation projects?
This comparison shows that, as with Galaxy Zoo,human computation projects can produce high-quality results.
Now I can also highlight two important differences between open call projects and human computation projects.
Human computation projects combine the work of many non-experts to solve easy-task-big-scale problems that are not easily solved by computers.
It is these easy-for-people yet hard-for-computers microtasks that we can turn over to human computation projects.
This table shows that, unlike Galaxy Zoo,many other human computation projects use micro-task labor markets(e.g., Amazon Mechanical Turk).
Now I can also highlight two important differences between open call projects and human computation projects.
In social research, human computation projects are most likely to be used in situations where researchers want to classify, code, or label images, video, or texts.
Given this background, you can now see how Galaxy Zoo follows the split-apply-combine recipe,the same recipe that is used for most human computation projects.
In human computation projects, researchers combine the efforts of many people working on simple micro-tasks in order to solve problems that are impossibly big for one person.
This table shows that, unlike Galaxy Zoo,many other human computation projects use microtask labor markets(e.g., Amazon Mechanical Turk) and rely on paid workers rather than volunteers.
Galaxy Zoo, and other human computation projects, typically use a split-apply-combine strategy(Wickham 2011), and once you understand this strategy you will be able to use it to solve lots of problems.
Because very similar challenges arise in most human computation projects, it is helpful to briefly review the three steps that the Galaxy Zoo researchers used to produce their consensus classifications.
Because very similar challenges arise in most human computation projects, it is helpful to briefly review the three steps that the Galaxy Zoo researchers used to produce their consensus classifications.
I call this a computer-assisted human computation project because, rather than having humans solve a problem, it has humans build a dataset that can be used to train a computer to solve the problem.
The prototypical example of a human computation project is Galaxy Zoo, which I will describe in detail below.
Create a human computation project to see if the ratio of women to men on the cover has increased over time.
By this definition FoldIt- which I described in the section on open calls- could be considered a human computation project.
If this approach does not scale well,the researcher can move to a human computation project where many people contribute classifications.
Coding political manifestos, something typically done by experts,can be performed by a human computation project resulting in greater reproducibility and flexibility.
For example, in the human computation project described below, the same recipe will be followed, but the apply and combine steps will be quite different.
For example, in the human computation project described below, the same recipe will be followed, but the apply and combine steps will be quite different.
Kenneth Benoit and colleagues(2015) decided to take the manifesto coding task that hadpreviously been performed by experts and turn it into a human computation project.
For researchers planning to use a micro-task labor market(e.g., Amazon Mechanical Turk)for a human computation project, Chandler, Paolacci, and Mueller(2013) and Wang, Ipeirotis, and Provost(2015) offer good advice on task design and other related issues.