Examples of using Hypersomnia in English and their translations into Russian
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Primary hypersomnia.
Hypersomnia and personality changes point toward the brain.
In fact,"latencies above 5 minutes are not uncommon in patients with clinically severe hypersomnia.
Hypersomnia's usually accompanied by irritability in depressed patients.
Anxiety and depression are often increased in idiopathic hypersomnia, most likely as a response to chronic illness.
However, current research is raising the possibility of several other potential medication options for idiopathic hypersomnia.
Further complicating the diagnostic process, idiopathic hypersomnia lacks a clearly defining clinical feature.
This classification has steadily evolved,as further research has shown overlap between narcolepsy and idiopathic hypersomnia.
Reported side effects have included: hypersomnia(excessive sleeping), insomnia, burning feeling at injection spot(last 10-15 minutes).
Mazindol is a stimulant similar to amphetamines that"has been shown to be effective in treating hypersomnia in narcoleptics.
Idiopathic hypersomnia has also been associated with a malfunction of the norepinephrine system and decreased cerebrospinal fluid(CSF) histamine levels.
Although there are several FDA-approved medications for use in narcolepsy,there are no FDA-approved medicines for idiopathic hypersomnia.
These forms were later described as idiopathic hypersomnia with long sleep time and idiopathic hypersomnia without long sleep time, respectively.
It may also be effective in reducing excessive daytime sleepiness while improving vigilance in primary hypersomnias,such as idiopathic hypersomnia.
In patients with idiopathic hypersomnia, polysomnography typically shows short sleep latency, increased mean slow wave sleep, and a high mean sleep efficiency.
Complicating the matter,several groups of researchers have found normal MSLT results in patients who otherwise seem to have idiopathic hypersomnia.
Destruction of noradrenergic neurons has produced hypersomnia in experimental animal studies, and injury to adrenergic neurons has also been shown to lead to hypersomnia.
In 2013, a retrospective review evaluating longer-term clarithromycin use showed efficacy in a large percentage of patients with GABA-related hypersomnia.
Idiopathic hypersomnia has historically been"difficult to diagnose at an early stage," especially because many other disorders can cause symptoms of excessive daytime sleepiness EDS.
They are labeled:"type 2 narcolepsy," with 2 or more SOREMPs on multiple sleep latency testing(MSLT);and"idiopathic hypersomnia," with less than 2 SOREMPS.
These treatments have not been studied to nearly the same extent in patients with idiopathic hypersomnia, and some patients with idiopathic hypersomnia do not achieve adequate control of symptoms with these medications.
It has been shown to promote deep sleep and improve daytime sleepiness(as well as cataplexy) in patients with narcolepsy;however,"its effects in those with idiopathic hypersomnia are not well characterized.
Several studies have shown increased frequencies of other symptoms in patients with idiopathic hypersomnia, although it is not clear whether these symptoms are caused by the idiopathic hypersomnia.
Furthermore, because idiopathic hypersomnia"may lead to marriage breakdown, extensive counseling for the patient's partners, educating them about the symptomatology and treatment options, must be part of a comprehensive management plan.
The Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fourth Edition(DSM-IV) defines idiopathic hypersomnia as EDS without narcolepsy or the associated features of other sleep disorders.
It is also important to note that whereas narcolepsy is strongly associated with the HLA-DQB1*0602 genotype,"HLA typing is of no help in the positive diagnosis of idiopathic hypersomnia.
Additionally, MSD encompasses all syndromes of hypersomnolence not explained by low hypocretin,including not only idiopathic hypersomnia, but also narcolepsy without cataplexy, and long sleepers patients requiring>10 hours sleep/day.
The 2001 ICSD defines idiopathic hypersomnia as"a disorder of presumed central nervous system cause that is associated with a normal or prolonged major sleep episode and excessive sleepiness consisting of prolonged(1- to 2-hour) sleep episodes of N-REM"non-rapid eye movement sleep.
Whereas narcolepsy is associated with cataplexy and sleep-onset REM episodes, and Kleine-Levin syndrome is associated with megaphagia(compulsive food cravings) and hypersexuality,idiopathic hypersomnia has no such dramatic associated features, except perhaps sleep drunkenness.
When depressed, the patient has two or more of: decreased or increased appetite decreased orincreased sleep(insomnia or hypersomnia) Fatigue or low energy Reduced self-esteem Decreased concentration or problems making decisions Feelings of hopelessness or pessimism During this two-year period, the above symptoms are never absent longer than two consecutive months.